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Related Concept Videos

Nociception01:44

Nociception

Nociception—the ability to feel pain—is essential for an organism’s survival and overall well-being. Noxious stimuli such as piercing pain from a sharp object, heat from an open flame, or contact with corrosive chemicals are first detected by sensory receptors, called nociceptors, located on nerve endings. Nociceptors express ion channels that convert noxious stimuli into electrical signals. When these signals reach the brain via sensory neurons, they are perceived as pain. Thus, pain helps the...
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
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Inflammatory Response01:28

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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
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Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

Cells of the Innate Immune Response

The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
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T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Teasing Out the Interplay Between Natural Killer Cells and Nociceptor Neurons
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Nociceptin-induced modulation of human T cell function.

Kate H Easten1, Rachel A Harry, Wendy M Purcell

  • 1Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Centre for Research in Biomedicine, University of the West of England, Coldharbour lane, Frenchay, Bristol, UK.

Peptides
|May 12, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) inhibits T cell proliferation by modulating key immune signaling pathways. This neuropeptide

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Human In-Vivo Bioassay for the Tissue-Specific Measurement of Nociceptive and Inflammatory Mediators
08:54

Human In-Vivo Bioassay for the Tissue-Specific Measurement of Nociceptive and Inflammatory Mediators

Published on: December 1, 2008

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neuroscience
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • The neuropeptide nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) is known to have immunoregulatory functions.
  • The specific impact of N/OFQ on T cell activity remains to be fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of N/OFQ in regulating T cell function, particularly in the context of T cell activation.

Main Methods:

  • Assessing T cell proliferation in response to N/OFQ.
  • Investigating the involvement of costimulatory receptors (CD80/CD86) and cytokines (TGF-beta, IFN-gamma, NO).
  • Examining the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) as a potential mediator.

Main Results:

  • N/OFQ significantly inhibits T cell proliferation.
  • This inhibition is dependent on costimulatory receptors and involves TGF-beta, IFN-gamma, and nitric oxide (NO).
  • N/OFQ induces IDO expression, suggesting a critical role for IDO in its immunosuppressive effects.

Conclusions:

  • N/OFQ exerts an inhibitory effect on T cell function.
  • The mechanism involves multiple pathways, including cytokine signaling and the induction of IDO.
  • N/OFQ represents a complex immunomodulator with potential therapeutic implications.