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Related Concept Videos

Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization01:21

Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization

Right Heart Catheterization: An OverviewRight heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure that measures right-sided cardiac and pulmonary artery pressures, calculates cardiac output, and identifies intracardiac shunts. It provides detailed hemodynamic data essential for diagnosing and managing various cardiovascular conditions, such as pulmonary hypertension.Access SitesCommon access sites for right heart catheterization include the internal jugular vein in the neck region, the...
Cardiac Catheterization III: Left Heart Catheterization01:24

Cardiac Catheterization III: Left Heart Catheterization

Left heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure used to evaluate the function and structure of the left side of the heart. It is generally performed to diagnose and treat cardiovascular conditions such as valve abnormalities, coronary artery disease, and congenital heart defects.Diagnostic and therapeutic purposesLeft heart catheterization serves various diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Assessing coronary artery bypass grafts.Evaluating coronary artery disease in...
Electrocardiogram Fundamentals01:28

Electrocardiogram Fundamentals

Introduction
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool for identifying cardiac conditions such as arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and myocardial ischemia.
Definition
An electrocardiogram (ECG) visualizes the heart's electrical activity by tracing the electrical movement associated with each heartbeat on a graph or monitor. As the heart beats, an electrical wave passes through it, correlating with the cardiac cycle events.
Parts of an ECG
An ECG utilizes electrodes on the skin to...
Cardiac Catheterization IV: Nursing Management01:26

Cardiac Catheterization IV: Nursing Management

Nursing responsibilities before cardiac catheterization include:Assess for allergies and establish baseline health status.Before cardiac catheterization, assess the patient for allergies to contrast dye. Perform a comprehensive baseline assessment, including vital signs, heart and breath sounds, and a neurovascular assessment of the extremities, noting distal pulses, skin color, and temperature. Instruct the patient to fast for 8-12 hours before the procedure. Evaluate baseline laboratory...
Electrocardiogram01:29

Electrocardiogram

An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and the T...
Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview01:28

Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview

Cardiac catheterization is an invasive diagnostic technique used to identify and evaluate structural and functional diseases of the heart and major blood vessels. This technique diagnoses congenital heart disease, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and coronary spasms and assesses ventricular function. It helps guide treatment decisions, including the need for revascularization procedures like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Methods for ECG Evaluation of Indicators of Cardiac Risk, and Susceptibility to Aconitine-induced Arrhythmias in Rats Following Status Epilepticus
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Methods for ECG Evaluation of Indicators of Cardiac Risk, and Susceptibility to Aconitine-induced Arrhythmias in Rats Following Status Epilepticus

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External jugular vein catheterization using 'intra-atrial electrocardiogram'.

Dilek Karaaslan1, Ugur Altinisik, Tulay Tuncer Peker

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey. dilekkaraaslan1@yahoo.com

Yonsei Medical Journal
|May 12, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Intra-atrial electrocardiogram (ECG) guidance offers a reliable method for external jugular vein (EJV) catheterization in open heart surgery patients. This technique achieved a 95% success rate with no complications, making EJV a viable alternative when internal jugular vein access is not possible.

Keywords:
Veins, jugularcatheterization, central venousmonitoring, electrocardiography

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Published on: April 26, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Central venous catheterization is crucial for managing critically ill patients.
  • Internal jugular vein (IJV) is the preferred site, but access can be challenging.
  • External jugular vein (EJV) offers an alternative access route.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the reliability of intra-atrial electrocardiogram (ECG) for guiding external jugular vein (EJV) catheterization.
  • To determine the success rate and complication profile of EJV cannulation using ECG guidance.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving patients undergoing open heart surgery.
  • Sterile Seldinger technique used for triple lumen central venous catheter insertion.
  • Intra-atrial ECG monitoring to detect P-wave changes for optimal catheter tip placement in the superior vena cava.

Main Results:

  • Successful EJV catheterization was achieved in 95% of patients.
  • A guidewire advancement failure occurred in 12% of cases.
  • The malposition rate was 18%, with no complications reported related to EJV cannulation.

Conclusions:

  • Intra-atrial ECG guidance is a reliable and safe method for EJV catheterization.
  • EJV is a suitable alternative access for central venous cannulation when IJV is not usable.
  • ECG monitoring effectively detects catheter malposition.