Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in adipocytes...
Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion01:20

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion

Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
Gene-Environment Interactions01:20

Gene-Environment Interactions

Gene expression is a dynamic process that is significantly influenced by environmental factors. This interaction underlies the complex nature of biological development and the phenotypic differences observed among individuals, even among those with identical genetic makeups. Factors such as radiation, temperature, behavior, nutrition, and stress play pivotal roles in determining how genes are expressed. The concept of the reaction range is central to understanding this interaction. It posits...
Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

Major Hormones and Their Functions

Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and lactation.
Drug Dosing: Obese Patients01:21

Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Beware of your "oocyte specific" Cre line: somatic cell Cre expression in several Zp3-Cre lines and the Gdf9-iCre transgenic line†.

Biology of reproduction·2026
Same author

Conplastic FVB/N-mt129S6/SvEvTac mice: A new tool for cancer research.

PloS one·2026
Same author

A novel mutant allele of Mta3 in the mouse: genetic analysis of roles in immunity and androgen biology.

G3 (Bethesda, Md.)·2025
Same author

Autophagy in reproduction and pregnancy-associated diseases.

iScience·2024
Same author

Estrogen receptor alpha mediated repression of PRICKLE1 destabilizes REST and promotes uterine fibroid pathogenesis.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2024
Same author

Unexpected nuclear hormone receptor and chromatin dynamics regulate estrous cycle dependent gene expression.

Nucleic acids research·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause
06:18

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause

Published on: August 13, 2019

Environmental estrogens and obesity.

Retha R Newbold1, Elizabeth Padilla-Banks, Wendy N Jefferson

  • 1Developmental Endocrinology and Endocrine Disruptor Section, Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, DHHS, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States. newbold1@niehs.nih.gov

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
|May 13, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Developmental exposure to environmental estrogens can disrupt endocrine pathways, leading to later-life health issues like obesity and diabetes. This research highlights the link between environmental estrogens and these diseases, emphasizing prevention during critical developmental periods.

More Related Videos

Long-term Behavioral and Reproductive Consequences of Embryonic Exposure to Low-dose Toxicants
07:08

Long-term Behavioral and Reproductive Consequences of Embryonic Exposure to Low-dose Toxicants

Published on: March 6, 2018

Screening for Phytoestrogens using a Cell-based Estrogen Receptor β Reporter Assay
06:07

Screening for Phytoestrogens using a Cell-based Estrogen Receptor β Reporter Assay

Published on: June 7, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause
06:18

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause

Published on: August 13, 2019

Long-term Behavioral and Reproductive Consequences of Embryonic Exposure to Low-dose Toxicants
07:08

Long-term Behavioral and Reproductive Consequences of Embryonic Exposure to Low-dose Toxicants

Published on: March 6, 2018

Screening for Phytoestrogens using a Cell-based Estrogen Receptor β Reporter Assay
06:07

Screening for Phytoestrogens using a Cell-based Estrogen Receptor β Reporter Assay

Published on: June 7, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Environmental Health
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Environmental chemicals with estrogenic activity can disrupt endocrine signaling pathways during development.
  • Adverse health consequences, such as obesity and diabetes, may emerge later in life following developmental exposure.
  • Obesity and diabetes are significant global public health concerns with epidemic proportions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review experimental animal studies linking environmental estrogens to obesity development.
  • To describe an animal model using diethylstilbestrol (DES) for studying abnormal programming of estrogen-target tissues.
  • To discuss other environmental estrogens like genistein and Bisphenol A.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental animal studies.
  • Description of a diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure animal model.
  • Discussion of specific environmental estrogens (genistein, Bisphenol A).

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests a link between developmental exposure to environmental estrogens and the development of obesity.
  • The DES animal model aids in studying mechanisms of abnormal programming in differentiating estrogen-target tissues.
  • Environmental estrogens may target adipocyte differentiation and weight homeostasis mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental estrogens are implicated in the development of obesity and diabetes, supporting the "developmental origins of adult disease" hypothesis.
  • This association expands the focus to prevention and avoidance of chemical exposures during critical developmental windows.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for public health strategies aimed at preventing obesity and diabetes.