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Updated: Jun 23, 2026

The Motivation for Alcohol Reward: Predictors of Progressive-Ratio Intravenous Alcohol Self-Administration in Humans
Published on: April 28, 2022
An exploratory study of bar and nightclub expectancies
Jennifer Reingle1, Dennis L Thombs, Robert M Weiler
1The Department of Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, The University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. jreingle1@ufl.edu
Objective:
The authors identified the principal components of bar and nightclub expectancy in college students and the associations between these factors and the risk behavior of night-clubbing.
Participants:
A total of 4,384 undergraduates enrolled at a large, public university participated.
Methods:
In the first phase (July-September 2007), the authors collected preliminary data from a convenience sample. In the second phase (March 2008), the authors collected data from a separate probability sample.
Results:
A principal components analysis revealed 4 reliable and distinct expectancy factors. Regression analyses revealed that after adjusting for the effects of alcohol and demographic variables, expectancies explained a significant proportion of variance in bar/nightclub attendance. Different expectancy profiles distinguished high-frequency nightclubbers from the most common bar attendance practice and nonmonogamous nightclubbers from monogamous nightclubbers.
Conclusions:
From a developmental perspective, nightclubbing appears to assist young adults with establishing and maintaining social networks, romantic and sexual relationships, and collegiate acculturation.
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