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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells01:15

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management01:21

Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Healthy Volunteers and Their Migratory Potential Influenced by Serum Samples After Cardiac Surgery
08:43

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Healthy Volunteers and Their Migratory Potential Influenced by Serum Samples After Cardiac Surgery

Published on: February 14, 2017

Endothelial progenitor cell dysfunction in rheumatic disease.

Peter E Westerweel1, Marianne C Verhaar

  • 1Department of Nephrology, G02.405, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands. p.westerweel@umcutrecht.nl

Nature Reviews. Rheumatology
|May 13, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rheumatic diseases impair endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), crucial for vascular health. Restoring EPC function may prevent cardiovascular issues, but optimal strategies require further research.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Healthy Volunteers and Their Migratory Potential Influenced by Serum Samples After Cardiac Surgery
08:43

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Healthy Volunteers and Their Migratory Potential Influenced by Serum Samples After Cardiac Surgery

Published on: February 14, 2017

On-Chip Endothelial Inflammatory Phenotyping
12:43

On-Chip Endothelial Inflammatory Phenotyping

Published on: July 21, 2012

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Blood
07:26

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Blood

Published on: September 14, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Rheumatic diseases involve inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, accelerating atherosclerosis.
  • Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are vital for repairing blood vessels and preventing vascular disease.
  • EPC number and function are compromised in various rheumatic conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of rheumatic diseases on EPCs.
  • To explore the potential of pharmacological interventions to improve EPC function.
  • To determine if restoring EPC function can mitigate long-term cardiovascular risks in rheumatic disease patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on EPCs in rheumatic diseases.
  • Analysis of studies examining EPC number and function in conditions like psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, scleroderma, and vasculitis.
  • Evaluation of research on pharmacological treatments targeting EPC dysfunction.

Main Results:

  • Rheumatic diseases are consistently associated with reduced EPC numbers and impaired function.
  • Exceptions exist, such as potential increases in early-stage systemic sclerosis.
  • Pharmacological treatments show promise in improving EPC dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • EPCs are significantly affected in rheumatic diseases, contributing to cardiovascular risk.
  • Further research is needed to establish effective methods for restoring EPC function.
  • The long-term impact of EPC restoration on cardiovascular outcomes in rheumatic diseases remains undetermined.