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Related Concept Videos

Menopause01:28

Menopause

Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...
Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle01:22

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH release.
The Menstrual Cycle01:19

The Menstrual Cycle

The menstrual cycle is a recurrent sequence of changes in the uterine endometrium, specifically its functional layer, the stratum functionalis. This cycle prepares the uterus for potential pregnancy. This cycle typically spans 21–35 days, averaging 28 days, and aligns with the ovarian cycle, regulated by fluctuating levels of ovarian hormones, primarily estrogen and progesterone.
The menstrual phase occurs from days 1 to 5 and involves the shedding of the stratum functionalis, as a uterine...
Hormonal Regulation01:40

Hormonal Regulation

Hormones regulate a significant portion of digestion through activation of the neuroendocrine system. The neuroendocrine system of digestion contains many different hormones all with multiple functions that are both, directly and indirectly, involved in digestion.
Hormonal Regulation01:33

Hormonal Regulation

The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.
Disorders of the Female Reproductive System01:24

Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...

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Related Experiment Videos

Climacteric and menopause in seven south-east Asian countries.

M J Boulet1, B J Oddens, P Lehert

  • 1International Health Foundation, Avenue de Broqueville 116-B9, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.

Maturitas
|May 13, 2009
PubMed
Summary

The climacteric is experienced in Southeast Asia, though milder than in Western countries. Psychological symptoms were more common reasons for seeking medical advice than hot flashes.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Sociomedical Sciences
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Menopause is a universal biological event.
  • The experience and prevalence of climacteric symptoms in Southeast Asia remain less understood compared to Western populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of climacteric complaints in seven Southeast Asian countries.
  • To compare these findings with those from Western countries.
  • To explore factors influencing the age at menopause and physician consultation patterns.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving approximately 400 women per country in Hong Kong, Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Taiwan.
  • Standardized questionnaires addressed climacteric complaints, incontinence, dyspareunia, physician consultation, menopausal status, and background characteristics.
  • Careful attention was paid to linguistic and cultural nuances to ensure data objectivity.

Main Results:

  • The climacteric is present in Southeast Asia, manifesting in a milder form than in the West.
  • Prevalence of hot flushes and sweating was lower, but psychological complaints were similar to Western rates.
  • Median age at menopause was 51.09 years; ethnic background and age at menarche significantly influenced menopausal age.
  • Physician consultation for climacteric symptoms occurred in 20% of respondents, primarily for psychological complaints.

Conclusions:

  • Climacteric symptoms are experienced by women in Southeast Asia.
  • Vasomotor symptoms may be 'translated' into psychological complaints, which are more likely to prompt physician consultation.
  • Understanding cultural interpretations of climacteric symptoms is crucial for healthcare provision in the region.