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Related Concept Videos

Phylogeny01:23

Phylogeny

Phylogeny is concerned with the evolutionary diversification of organisms or groups of organisms. A group of organisms with a name is called a taxon (singular). Taxa (plural) can span different levels of the evolutionary hierarchy. For instance, the group containing all birds is a taxon (comprising the class Aves), and the group of all species of daisies (the genus Bellis) is a taxon. Phylogenies can likewise include just one genus (i.e., depict species relationships) or span an entire...
Phylogenetic Trees03:21

Phylogenetic Trees

Phylogenetic trees come in many forms. It matters in which sequence the organisms are arranged from the bottom to the top of the tree, but the branches can rotate at their nodes without altering the information. The lines connecting individual nodes can be straight, angled, or even curved.The length of the branches can depict time or the relative amount of change among organisms. For instance, the branch length might indicate the number of amino acid changes in the sequence that underlies the...
Phylogenetic Trees03:21

Phylogenetic Trees

Phylogenetic trees come in many forms. It matters in which sequence the organisms are arranged from the bottom to the top of the tree, but the branches can rotate at their nodes without altering the information. The lines connecting individual nodes can be straight, angled, or even curved.The length of the branches can depict time or the relative amount of change among organisms. For instance, the branch length might indicate the number of amino acid changes in the sequence that underlies the...
Microbial Phylogeny01:28

Microbial Phylogeny

Understanding the evolutionary relationships among microorganisms is fundamental to microbial ecology and taxonomy. Phylogenetic trees are essential tools for inferring these relationships, relying primarily on comparative analyses of molecular sequences such as DNA, RNA, or proteins. In microbial studies, these trees typically depict the evolutionary paths of diverse bacterial and archaeal species by mapping genetic differences accumulated over time.Phylogenetic trees are composed of tips,...
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
Phylogenetic Species Concept in Microbiology01:22

Phylogenetic Species Concept in Microbiology

The phylogenetic species concept (PSC) is a framework used to delineate species based on evolutionary relationships, emphasizing shared ancestry and diagnosable genetic traits. Unlike morphological or biological species concepts, the PSC is particularly advantageous for microbial taxonomy, where traditional reproductive or phenotypic criteria often fall short due to the prevalence of asexual reproduction, minimal morphological differentiation, and widespread horizontal gene transfer among...

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Updated: Jun 23, 2026

A Practical Guide to Phylogenetics for Nonexperts
12:00

A Practical Guide to Phylogenetics for Nonexperts

Published on: February 5, 2014

Berkeley PHOG: PhyloFacts orthology group prediction web server.

Ruchira S Datta1, Christopher Meacham, Bushra Samad

  • 1QB3 Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. ruchira@berkeley.edu

Nucleic Acids Research
|May 14, 2009
PubMed
Summary

The PHOG web server uses a novel phylogenetic algorithm for accurate ortholog detection. It offers high recall and precision, outperforming existing tools like InParanoid and OrthoMCL.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Ortholog detection is crucial for genome functional annotation.
  • Applications include phylogenetic analysis and protein interaction prediction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce the PHOG web server for ortholog identification.
  • Utilize a novel algorithm based on phylogenetic analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a new algorithm for ortholog detection using phylogenetic analysis.
  • Benchmarked performance against InParanoid and OrthoMCL using TreeFam-A data.
  • Incorporated tree-distance thresholds for adjustable precision and recall.

Main Results:

  • PHOG demonstrates competitive recall and precision compared to InParanoid and OrthoMCL.
  • PHOG achieves higher recall at comparable precision levels.
  • A high-recall PHOG variant significantly improves precision over InParanoid.

Conclusions:

  • PHOG is an effective tool for ortholog detection with tunable parameters.
  • The PHOG web server provides access to over 366K orthology groups.
  • Results are linked to functional annotations and biological literature.