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Related Concept Videos

Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants01:23

Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants


Ganglionic stimulants activate NM nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia, falling into two categories: nicotine mimetics [e.g., lobeline, dimethylpiperazine, tetramethylammonium] and muscarinic receptor agonists [e.g., muscarine, methacholine]. The first category's action is rapid and blocked by nicotinic receptor antagonists, while the second category's action is delayed and blocked by atropine-like agents. Nicotine, an alkaloid, affects the heart rate by stimulating sympathetic or...
Cholinergic Receptors: Nicotinic01:15

Cholinergic Receptors: Nicotinic

Nicotinic receptors are ligand-gated ion channels that are activated by acetylcholine and nicotine. Upon activation, they cause a rapid increase in the permeability of cells to K+, Na+, and Ca2+, followed by depolarization and excitation. They are in the autonomic ganglia, skeletal neuromuscular junction, CNS, and adrenal medulla.
There are two types of nicotinic receptors: neuromuscular (NM/NM/N1) and neuronal (NN/NN/N2). The two families differ based on their location and selectivity to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Probing Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Function in Mouse Brain Slices via Laser Flash Photolysis of Photoactivatable Nicotine
10:48

Probing Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Function in Mouse Brain Slices via Laser Flash Photolysis of Photoactivatable Nicotine

Published on: January 25, 2019

Nicotine enhances automatic temporal processing as measured by the mismatch negativity waveform.

Laura F Martin1, Deana B Davalos, Michael A Kisley

  • 1Research Service, Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, 4200 East Ninth Avenue, C268-71, Denver, CO 80262, USA. laura.martin@uchsc.edu

Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
|May 14, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Nicotine enhances preattentive temporal processing, as shown by increased mismatch negativity (MMN) amplitudes in both smokers and non-smokers. This suggests nicotine may aid individuals with temporal processing deficits.

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Spectral Confocal Imaging of Fluorescently tagged Nicotinic Receptors in Knock-in Mice with Chronic Nicotine Administration
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Probing Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Function in Mouse Brain Slices via Laser Flash Photolysis of Photoactivatable Nicotine
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Spectral Confocal Imaging of Fluorescently tagged Nicotinic Receptors in Knock-in Mice with Chronic Nicotine Administration
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Spectral Confocal Imaging of Fluorescently tagged Nicotinic Receptors in Knock-in Mice with Chronic Nicotine Administration

Published on: February 10, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Psychopharmacology

Background:

  • Cholinergic agonists, including nicotine, are known to improve cognitive functions.
  • The impact of nicotine on temporal processing, a key cognitive ability, remains largely unexplored.
  • Behavioral measures of temporal processing can be confounded by nicotine's effects on attention, necessitating alternative assessment methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of nicotine on temporal processing using mismatch negativity (MMN) as a physiological measure.
  • To determine if nicotine enhances preattentive temporal processing.
  • To assess nicotine's impact on MMN indices in response to interstimulus interval duration deviants.

Main Methods:

  • A single-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study involving 20 participants (11 non-smokers, 9 smokers).
  • Participants underwent two study visits, receiving either nicotine or a placebo.
  • Mismatch negativity (MMN) was recorded to measure automatic temporal processing in response to deviant interstimulus intervals.

Main Results:

  • Nicotine administration significantly increased MMN amplitudes compared to placebo in both smokers and non-smokers.
  • No significant effects of nicotine were observed on MMN latency or N100 amplitude/latency.
  • The observed MMN enhancement suggests nicotine positively impacts preattentive temporal processing.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first evidence of nicotine-induced enhancement of MMN amplitude for interstimulus interval duration deviants.
  • Nicotine appears to enhance preattentive temporal processing, supporting the study's hypothesis.
  • Nicotinic agonists could be a potential therapeutic strategy for disorders involving cholinergic system abnormalities and temporal processing deficits.