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Published on: February 2, 2015
Microcephaly: a radiological review
Ailbhe Tarrant1, Catherine Garel, David Germanaud
1Radiology Department, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Université Paris VI Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France. ailbhetarrant@hotmail.com
Insights
Microcephaly, a condition of inadequate brain growth, can be present at birth or develop later. This review focuses on the congenital and acquired causes of microcephaly, including brain malformations and ischemic insults.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Developmental Biology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Microcephaly is characterized by insufficient brain development.
- It can manifest congenitally or be acquired postnatally.
- Causes include cerebral malformations, metabolic disorders, and ischemic events.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the distinct radiological and pathological entity of microcephaly.
- To focus specifically on the diverse etiologies of microcephaly.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of microcephaly.
- Analysis of congenital and acquired causes.
- Radiological and pathological correlation.
Main Results:
- Microcephaly stems from impaired fetal brain growth.
- Congenital causes involve brain malformations or metabolic issues.
- Acquired microcephaly often follows ischemic insults.
Conclusions:
- Microcephaly presents a complex etiology.
- Understanding the cause is crucial for diagnosis and management.
- Further research into specific etiologies is warranted.
Abstract:
Microcephaly results from inadequate brain growth during development. It may develop in utero, and therefore be present at birth, or may develop later as a result of perinatal events or postnatal conditions. The aetiology of microcephaly may be congenital (secondary to cerebral malformations or metabolic abnormalities) or acquired, most frequently following an ischaemic insult. This distinct radiological and pathological entity is reviewed with a specific focus on aetiology.
