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Role of Hippocampus in Memory

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The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Generation of Local CA1 γ Oscillations by Tetanic Stimulation

Generation of Local CA1 γ Oscillations by Tetanic Stimulation

Published on: August 14, 2015

Two P300 generators in the hippocampal formation.

Eva Ludowig¹, Christian G Bien, Christian E Elger

¹Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. Eva.Ludowig@uni-duesseldorf.de

|May 14, 2009

Summary

Researchers investigated the mediotemporal lobe

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Neuroscience
Electrophysiology

Background:

The P300 event-related potential (ERP) is associated with detecting rare target stimuli.
Multiple brain regions, including the mediotemporal lobe (MTL), contribute to target detection.
Previous studies show inconsistent findings regarding P300 generation in the rhinal cortex and subiculum.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the topographical distribution of the mediotemporal P300.
To identify specific generators of the MTL-P300 within the hippocampus and subiculum.

Main Methods:

Electrophysiological recordings using multicontact depth electrodes in epilepsy patients.
Analysis of ERPs from the nonfocal hemisphere of 53 patients during a visual target detection task.

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Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Generation of Local CA1 γ Oscillations by Tetanic Stimulation

Generation of Local CA1 γ Oscillations by Tetanic Stimulation

Published on: August 14, 2015

Recording Spatially Restricted Oscillations in the Hippocampus of Behaving Mice

Recording Spatially Restricted Oscillations in the Hippocampus of Behaving Mice

Published on: July 1, 2018

Combined Mechanical and Enzymatic Dissociation of Mouse Brain Hippocampal Tissue

Combined Mechanical and Enzymatic Dissociation of Mouse Brain Hippocampal Tissue

Published on: October 21, 2021

Mapping P300 amplitude and latency gradients along the longitudinal axis of the MTL.

Main Results:

Significant MTL-P300 potentials were observed in both the hippocampus and subiculum with similar latencies.
Hippocampal P300 amplitude showed a linear increase from anterior to posterior.
Subicular P300 amplitude exhibited an inverse gradient, with larger amplitudes anteriorly.

Conclusions:

Two distinct generators of the MTL-P300 were identified: the anterior subiculum and the posterior hippocampal body.
Parallel activation, possibly via the entorhinal cortex, may underlie the simultaneous MTL-P300 generation.
The hippocampus and subiculum likely play a role in target detection by maintaining stimulus templates for comparison.