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The mangled butterfly: Rorschach results from 45 violent psychopaths.

Kent W Franks1, Shoba Sreenivasan, Beverly J Spray

  • 1The School of Professional Psychology at Forest Institute, 2885 West Battlefield Road, Springfield, MO 65807, USA. kfranks@forest.edu

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This study examined violent male prison inmates diagnosed with psychopathy. Findings indicate these individuals exhibit poor emotional control, concrete thinking, and limited social attachment, consistent with criminal personality traits.

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Neuropsychology

Background:

  • Psychopathy is a complex personality disorder often associated with criminal behavior.
  • Previous research highlights emotional deficits and interpersonal difficulties in psychopathic individuals.
  • Understanding the cognitive and emotional profiles of incarcerated psychopaths is crucial for assessment and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cognitive and Rorschach performance characteristics of violent male prison inmates with high scores on the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R).
  • To compare the psychological profile of this sample with other psychopathic groups and normative data.
  • To explore the relationship between psychopathic traits and cognitive styles such as concrete thinking and fragmentation.

Main Methods:

  • Assessment of 45 violent male prison inmates with PCL-R scores of 30 or higher.
  • Utilized Rorschach testing and neuropsychological evaluations.
  • Analysis of intellectual functioning, emotional modulation, reality testing, and interpersonal capacity.

Main Results:

  • Participants displayed low-average intellectual functioning and cognitive inflexibility.
  • Rorschach data did not indicate chronic narcissism or anger, differing from some psychopathic samples.
  • Consistent with prior research, findings showed poor emotional modulation, diminished reality testing, and limited attachment capacity.
  • A simplistic, avoidant, and concrete cognitive style was prevalent, aligning with concepts of concrete thinking and fragmentation in the criminal personality.

Conclusions:

  • The cognitive and emotional profile of these violent psychopaths is characterized by concrete thinking and fragmentation.
  • These findings contribute to understanding the psychological underpinnings of the criminal personality.
  • The results underscore the importance of considering cognitive styles in the assessment and management of psychopathy in forensic settings.