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Related Concept Videos

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...

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Phenotypic and Functional Analysis of Activated Regulatory T Cells Isolated from Chronic Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus-infected Mice
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Decrease in phenotypic regulatory T cells in subsets of patients with common variable immunodeficiency.

J Horn1, A Manguiat, L J Berglund

  • 1Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Medical Center, University Hospital of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.

Clinical and Experimental Immunology
|May 15, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Common variable immunodeficiencies (CVID) involve low regulatory T cells (Treg cells), particularly in patients with granulomatous disease and immune cytopenias. This finding helps understand CVID complications and suggests a distinct patient subgroup.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Common variable immunodeficiencies (CVID) are antibody deficiency disorders with diverse clinical issues, including autoimmune and granulomatous conditions.
  • These manifestations suggest underlying dysregulation in the immune system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify regulatory CD4 T cells (Treg cells) in CVID patients.
  • To correlate Treg cell frequency with clinical manifestations and classification subgroups.

Main Methods:

  • Blood samples from 99 CVID patients and 49 healthy controls were analyzed.
  • Treg cells were identified as CD25+/forkhead box P3 (FoxP3)+, CD25+/CD127low/FoxP3+, or CD25+/CD127low CD4+ T cells.
  • Patients were classified using Freiburg and Paris schemes based on memory B cell phenotype.

Main Results:

  • A significant decrease in Treg cells was observed in CVID patients with granulomatous disease and immune cytopenias.
  • This identified a subgroup of CVID patients with low Treg cells, exhibiting higher rates of these conditions and autoimmune disease.
  • Reduced Treg cells were noted in Freiburg group Ia, but not in Paris groups.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced Treg cells in certain CVID subsets may be linked to clinical manifestations.
  • This finding contributes to understanding the pathogenesis of CVID complications.
  • A subgroup of CVID patients with low Treg cells and increased autoimmune/granulomatous disease is identified.