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Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task
Published on: February 26, 2020
Semantic verbal fluency in two contrasting languages
Seija Pekkala1, Mira Goral, Jungmoon Hyun
1Department of Speech Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. seija.pekkala@helsinki.fi
Abstract:
This cross-linguistic study investigated Semantic Verbal Fluency (SVF) performance in 30 American English-speaking and 30 Finnish-speaking healthy elderly adults with different cultural and linguistic backgrounds. Despite the different backgrounds of the participant groups, remarkable similarities were found between the groups in the overall SVF performance in two semantic categories (animals and clothes), in the proportions of words produced within the first half (30 seconds) of the SVF tasks, and in the variety of words produced for the categories. These similarities emerged despite the difference in the mean length of words produced in the two languages (with Finnish words being significantly longer than English words). The few differences found between the groups concerned the types and frequencies of the 10 most common words generated for the categories. It was concluded that culture and language differences do not contribute significantly to variability in SVF performance in healthy elderly people.
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