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Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias

Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias

Tachyarrhythmias are a type of dysrhythmia where the heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute. Here are some common types of tachyarrhythmias:Sinus TachycardiaSinus tachycardia originates from increased impulses from the sinus node, leading to an elevated heart rate. It is often triggered by stress, fever, or exercise.Patients may experience palpitations, a sensation of a racing heart, dizziness, and chest discomfort.Causes and Risk Factors: Common causes include physical exertion, emotional...

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per minute.

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...

Increased pulse rate

Increased pulse rate

Tachycardia is a condition marked by an abnormally fast or irregular heart rate, surpassing the typical resting rate. In adults, tachycardia is characterized by a pulse rate ranging from 100 to 180 beats per minute. The increased heart rate can result in inadequate blood flow to various body parts, ultimately diminishing the oxygen supply to organs and tissues.
Many factors can elevate the risk of developing tachycardia. These include advanced age, a family history of arrhythmias, and an...

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...

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Optimization of Transesophageal Atrial Pacing to Assess Atrial Fibrillation Susceptibility in Mice

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Focal atrial tachycardia.

Raphael Rosso¹, Peter M Kistler

¹The Heart Centre, The Alfred Hospital, Commercial Road, Melbourne, Australia 3004.

Heart (British Cardiac Society)

|May 16, 2009

Summary

Focal atrial tachycardia, though uncommon, poses management challenges due to poor drug response. Radiofrequency ablation offers a highly successful treatment for symptomatic patients, becoming the preferred therapeutic option.

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Electrophysiology
Cardiac Arrhythmias

Background:

Focal atrial tachycardia (FAT) is an uncommon cardiac arrhythmia.
Management can be difficult in highly symptomatic individuals due to limited response to antiarrhythmic drugs.
FAT can precipitate other serious atrial arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation and flutter.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the pathophysiology, anatomical localization, clinical features, diagnosis, and therapeutic strategies for focal atrial tachycardia.
To highlight radiofrequency ablation as a successful treatment option.

Main Methods:

This is a review article.
Literature search on focal atrial tachycardia, its mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment options.
Focus on radiofrequency ablation outcomes.

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High-Resolution Endocardial and Epicardial Optical Mapping in a Sheep Model of Stretch-Induced Atrial Fibrillation

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Main Results:

Radiofrequency ablation demonstrates extremely high success rates for focal atrial tachycardia.
This interventional approach is increasingly favored over medical management for symptomatic cases.

Conclusions:

Focal atrial tachycardia requires a comprehensive understanding of its mechanisms and presentation.
Radiofrequency ablation is a safe and highly effective treatment for symptomatic focal atrial tachycardia, offering a definitive solution.