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A novel, SiPM-array-based, monolithic scintillator detector for PET.

Dennis R Schaart1, Herman T van Dam, Stefan Seifert

  • 1Delft University of Technology, Radiation Detection & Medical Imaging, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The Netherlands. d.r.schaart@tudelft.nl

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Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) offer advantages for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) detectors. A novel front-side readout design with SiPMs achieves excellent depth-of-interaction correction and spatial resolution.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Particle Detectors
  • Solid-State Physics

Background:

  • Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) are advanced solid-state photosensors with high gain and fast response.
  • SiPMs are MR compatible and enable novel detector geometries, including depth-of-interaction (DOI) determination for Positron Emission Tomography (PET).
  • Traditional avalanche photodiodes have limitations compared to SiPMs for PET applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel PET detector design incorporating a position-sensitive SiPM array for enhanced DOI correction.
  • To evaluate the performance of a monolithic scintillator coupled with a SiPM array using front-side versus back-side readout.
  • To demonstrate the feasibility of achieving high spatial and timing resolution with the proposed detector design.

Main Methods:

  • A prototype detector was constructed using a 4x4 SiPM array coupled to a monolithic LYSO:Ce(3+) crystal (13.2 mm x 13.2 mm x 10 mm).
  • Characterization involved front-side and back-side readout configurations to assess performance differences.
  • Spatial resolution, DOI correction capabilities, energy resolution, and timing resolution were measured using a test beam and coincidence measurements.

Main Results:

  • Front-side SiPM readout demonstrated significantly superior performance compared to conventional back-side readout.
  • Excellent DOI correction was achieved, with spatial resolution <1.6 mm FWHM at the detector center and minimal degradation up to 45-degree angles of incidence.
  • Energy resolution of approximately 14% FWHM and timing resolution of 960 ps FWHM were obtained.

Conclusions:

  • The novel front-side readout detector design with SiPMs offers excellent DOI correction and high spatial resolution for PET.
  • This design overcomes limitations of conventional readout methods, paving the way for improved PET scanner performance.
  • The demonstrated capabilities highlight the potential of SiPMs in advancing PET detector technology.