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Absorption of inhaled NO(2).

Shinichi Enami, Michael R Hoffmann, A J Colussi

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B

|May 19, 2009

Summary

Inhaled nitrogen dioxide (NO2) dissolves in airway fluids via hydrolysis, not antioxidant catalysis. Chloride ions, not biological antioxidants, are key to NO2

Area of Science:

Environmental chemistry
Atmospheric chemistry
Respiratory toxicology

Background:

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a harmful air pollutant with limited water solubility, posing challenges for understanding its respiratory tract uptake.
The precise mechanism of inhaled NO2 incorporation into airway surface liquid remains unclear due to its low uptake coefficient on pure water.

Discussion:

This study investigated the role of biological antioxidants (ascorbate, urate, glutathione) in NO2 dissolution using microdroplet experiments and mass spectrometry.
Results indicate that antioxidants catalyze NO2 hydrolysis but are not consumed, suggesting a catalytic rather than stoichiometric role.
The reaction involves the disproportionation of NO2 into nitrate, protons, and nitrous acid.

Key Insights:

Biological antioxidants do not significantly enhance NO2 dissolution in airway fluids.

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Chloride ions, abundant in airway lining fluid, are inferred to be the primary catalyst for NO2 hydrolysis.

Inhaled NO2 primarily delivers protons, nitrous acid, and nitrate as toxic agents, independent of antioxidant intervention.

Outlook:

Further research should elucidate the precise role of chloride in NO2-induced airway responses.
Understanding these pathways is crucial for assessing the health risks associated with NO2 exposure.
This work refines models of air pollutant interactions within the respiratory system.