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Elevated blood pressure, obesity, and hyperlipidemia.

Chien-Chang Liao1, Ta-Chen Su, Kuo-Liong Chien

  • 1Institute of Environmental Health, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan.

The Journal of Pediatrics
|May 19, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Children with abnormal urinalysis results show a high prevalence of elevated blood pressure. Obesity and high cholesterol significantly increase the risk of high blood pressure in these pediatric patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Cardiovascular Health in Children
  • Public Health Screening

Background:

  • Abnormal urinalysis results in children can indicate underlying health issues.
  • Elevated blood pressure (hypertension) is a growing concern in pediatric populations.
  • The relationship between metabolic factors and hypertension in children with abnormal urine tests requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between elevated blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) in children with positive proteinuria, glucosuria, or hematuria.
  • To investigate the link between elevated blood pressure and total cholesterol levels in this pediatric cohort.
  • To determine the combined impact of obesity and high cholesterol on blood pressure in children with abnormal urinalysis.

Main Methods:

  • A large-scale, annual urine screening program involving nearly 3 million students aged 6-18 years was conducted from 1992 to 2000.
  • A case-control analysis was performed on 17,548 students identified with elevated blood pressure from 99,350 with positive urine test results.
  • Frequency matching by sex and age was used for randomly selected control subjects with normal blood pressure.

Main Results:

  • Obese students demonstrated a significantly higher odds ratio (3.45) for elevated blood pressure compared to normal-weight students.
  • Children with both high total cholesterol (> or =250 mg/dL) and obesity had a substantially increased odds ratio (6.15) for elevated blood pressure.
  • These findings highlight a strong correlation between metabolic risk factors and hypertension in children with abnormal urinalysis.

Conclusions:

  • Children with abnormal urine screening results exhibit a high prevalence of elevated blood pressure.
  • Body mass index (BMI) and elevated total cholesterol levels are strongly associated with increased blood pressure in this pediatric group.
  • These results underscore the importance of monitoring blood pressure in children with abnormal urinalysis and addressing associated metabolic risk factors.