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Related Experiment Videos

Urinary excretion of terminal complement complexes in glomerular disease.

Y Kusunoki1, Y Akutsu, N Itami

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan.

Nephron
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Terminal complement complexes (TCCs) are elevated in plasma of some glomerular disease patients. Urinary TCCs, primarily of renal origin, indicate significant proteinuria, aiding in disease assessment.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Immunology
  • Clinical Chemistry

Background:

  • Glomerular diseases are a significant cause of kidney dysfunction.
  • The terminal complement pathway plays a role in kidney injury.
  • Assessing complement activation in urine can provide insights into renal pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate renal terminal complement activation in patients with various glomerular diseases.
  • To determine the presence and origin of terminal complement complexes (TCCs) in plasma and urine.

Main Methods:

  • Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure TCCs in plasma and urine.
  • Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against complement components were utilized.
  • Urine TCCs were purified and characterized using gel filtration and ELISA.

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Main Results:

  • TCCs were detected in plasma of patients with lupus nephritis and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.
  • Elevated urinary TCCs were observed in patients with heavy proteinuria (>100 mg/ml), excluding minimal change nephrotic syndrome.
  • Purified urine TCCs contained components of the C5b-9 complex and were of renal origin.

Conclusions:

  • Urinary TCCs, containing SC5b-9 complexes, are predominantly of renal origin.
  • Urinary TCC measurement is a valuable indicator of renal terminal complement activation in glomerular diseases with heavy proteinuria.