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Related Concept Videos

Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers01:19

Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers

Leukotriene modifiers, or cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists, are medications used to manage chronic asthma. These agents target specific inflammatory mediators produced during arachidonic acid metabolism, an essential process in generating inflammation in the body.
Leukotriene modifiers work through two distinct mechanisms:
Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Stability-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence01:22

Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Stability-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence

Generic intravenous (IV) drugs are considered bioequivalent to their branded counterparts due to their 100% bioavailability upon administration. However, variations in stability among different drug products can significantly influence their therapeutic performance, even if they are pharmaceutically equivalent.Cefuroxime, a prophylactic antimicrobial, is often used as a single-dose IV injection for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. A 3 g dose typically provides...
Impact of Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Models: Regulatory Decisions01:15

Impact of Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Models: Regulatory Decisions

PK–PD modeling has significantly influenced FDA regulatory decisions, particularly drug approval, dosage optimization, and labeling. These models integrate pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) to predict drug behavior and effects, aiding in optimizing dosing regimens and enhancing the probability of clinical trial success.One notable example is Nesiritide (Natrecor®), a recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide for treating acute decompensated congestive heart failure (CHF).
COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids01:26

COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids

Chronic obstructive pulmonary isease (COPD) involves a group of progressive lung disorders characterized by persistent airflow limitation and chronic respiratory symptoms. Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS), encompassing features of both asthma and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a group of progressive lung disorders that includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and refractory (non-reversible) asthma. ACOS leads to complex clinical presentations that combine the inflammatory...
Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are anti-inflammatory drugs used primarily in treating persistent asthma and providing long-term maintenance. They target the bronchial mucosa, the lining of the airways, to control inflammation, a critical factor in asthma progression and exacerbation.
ICS work through a multifaceted mechanism of action. They suppress the inflammatory response caused by the proliferation of TH cells. They also reduce the transcription of the IL-2 gene, which is involved in the...
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists01:18

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists

Endothelins (ETs) are potent vasoactive peptides critical in the human body's various physiological and pathological processes. One of the most promising therapeutic strategies for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) involves counteracting the effects of these endothelins using a class of drugs known as endothelin receptor antagonists.
ETs are synthesized through a complex sequence of enzymatic steps, primarily involving an enzyme referred to as endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE). Of...

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Related Experiment Videos

Seretide: a pharmacoeconomic analysis.

Leandro Fritscher1, Kenneth R Chapman

  • 1Asthma & Airway Centre, University Health Network, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Journal of Medical Economics
|May 20, 2009
PubMed
Summary

The combination therapy of fluticasone and salmeterol is a cost-effective treatment for both asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This inhaled medication improves patient outcomes and quality of life across various disease severities.

Area of Science:

  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Pharmacoeconomics
  • Clinical Therapeutics

Background:

  • Asthma and COPD represent significant and escalating healthcare costs.
  • Fixed-dose fluticasone and salmeterol combination therapy is established as safe and effective for these conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a pharmacoeconomic review of fixed-dose inhaled fluticasone and salmeterol for asthma and COPD.
  • Evaluate the cost-effectiveness of this combination therapy in diverse clinical scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of pharmacoeconomic studies on fluticasone/salmeterol.
  • Inclusion of recent conference abstracts and manufacturer-provided unpublished data.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • For asthma, fluticasone/salmeterol improved treatment success, lung function, and quality of life compared to monotherapy or antileukotrienes.
  • Cost per QALY was favorable for fluticasone/salmeterol in mild to severe asthma, with excess costs ranging from $2,670 to $26,445.
  • For COPD, fluticasone/salmeterol reduced exacerbations, improved quality of life, and potentially survival, with incremental cost per QALY against placebo from $9,512 to $64,038.

    • Conclusions:

    • Current evidence indicates favorable cost-effectiveness for fluticasone/salmeterol combination therapy in asthma and COPD.
    • The therapy demonstrates value across a range of clinical settings and patient profiles.