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Related Concept Videos

Leishmaniasis01:30

Leishmaniasis

Leishmaniasis is a protozoal disease caused by species of the genus Leishmania and transmitted through the bite of infected female sandflies. The parasite exists in two principal morphological forms during its life cycle. A sandfly acquires intracellular amastigotes from an infected reservoir host, such as a dog. Within the sandfly, these forms differentiate into motile, flagellated promastigotes. During a subsequent blood meal, promastigotes are injected into the human host, where they...
Antiprotozoal Agents01:21

Antiprotozoal Agents

Leishmaniasis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by several Leishmania species. It affects millions of people each year and remains a major public health problem in endemic regions. First-line treatment relies on pentavalent antimonials, including meglumine antimoniate and sodium stibogluconate. Even so, how these drugs work has not been fully clear, especially their interaction with parasite-specific biochemical pathways. One key target is trypanothione reductase (TR), an enzyme that...
Cryptococcal Meningitis01:27

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...
Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...
American Trypanosomiasis01:22

American Trypanosomiasis

Chagas disease, or American trypanosomiasis, is a vector-borne parasitic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, a flagellated protozoan (kinetoplastid) of the family Trypanosomatidae. The disease is endemic in Latin America, although cases are increasingly reported worldwide due to human migration. Transmission most commonly occurs when feces of infected triatomine bugs contaminate bite wounds or mucosal surfaces; additional routes include congenital, transfusional, transplant-related, and oral...

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Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the Dorsal Skin of Hamsters: a Useful Model for the Screening of Antileishmanial Drugs
11:36

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the Dorsal Skin of Hamsters: a Useful Model for the Screening of Antileishmanial Drugs

Published on: April 21, 2012

Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis in HIV.

Vandana Mehta1, C Balachandran, Raghavendra Rao

  • 1Department of Skin and STD, Kasturba Hospital, Manipal, Karnataka, India. vandanamht@yahoo.com

Dermatology Online Journal
|May 20, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A rare case of diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis mimicking leprosy in an HIV-positive individual from South India is presented. This highlights the importance of considering leishmaniasis in HIV patients with unusual skin manifestations.

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Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the Dorsal Skin of Hamsters: a Useful Model for the Screening of Antileishmanial Drugs
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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Cutaneous leishmaniasis is caused by Leishmania parasites, presenting with diverse skin lesions like papules, nodules, and ulcers.
  • Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (DCL) is an uncommon clinical presentation of this parasitic infection.

Observation:

  • A rare case of DCL occurred in South India.
  • The patient was co-infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
  • The clinical presentation mimicked lepromatous leprosy.

Findings:

  • This case underscores the diagnostic challenge of DCL, especially when it presents atypically.
  • HIV co-infection can alter the clinical spectrum of leishmaniasis, leading to rare forms like DCL.
  • The differential diagnosis between DCL and leprosy is crucial in endemic areas, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.

Implications:

  • Increased awareness of DCL's varied presentations is necessary for timely diagnosis and treatment.
  • Leishmaniasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of HIV-associated dermatological conditions.
  • This case highlights the importance of considering parasitic infections in immunocompromised patients presenting with unusual skin lesions.