Vulval lymphoedema following pulmonary tuberculosis

Area of Science:

• Gynecology
• Dermatology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Acquired lymphoedema of the vulva is a rare condition.
• It is typically caused by impaired lymphatic drainage.
• Pulmonary tuberculosis is a potential, though uncommon, cause of secondary lymphoedema.

Observation:

• A 35-year-old woman presented with vulvar lymphoedema.
• The condition developed four years after completing treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis.
• Histopathological examination of perianal swellings revealed hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, and dilated lymphatic spaces.

Findings:

• The case demonstrates a link between a history of pulmonary tuberculosis and the development of acquired vulvar lymphoedema.
• Biopsy findings are consistent with chronic lymphedema and secondary skin changes.

Implications:

• This case expands the understanding of potential etiologies for acquired vulvar lymphoedema.
• Further research may be warranted to explore the mechanisms linking tuberculosis and lymphatic dysfunction.
• Clinicians should consider a history of tuberculosis in the differential diagnosis of vulvar lymphoedema.