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Related Concept Videos

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
Transient and Steady-state Response01:24

Transient and Steady-state Response

In control systems, test signals are essential for evaluating performance under various conditions. The ramp function is effective for systems undergoing gradual changes, while the step function is suitable for assessing systems facing sudden disturbances. For systems subjected to shock inputs, the impulse function is the most appropriate test signal.
These test signals are integral in designing control systems to exhibit two key performance aspects: transient response and steady-state response.
Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves01:30

Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves

Electromagnetic waves are consistent with Ampere's law. Assuming there is no conduction current Ampere's law is given as:
Effective Value of a Periodic Waveform01:07

Effective Value of a Periodic Waveform

The concept of effective value, the root mean square (RMS) value, is crucial in understanding electrical circuits and power delivery. This idea emerges from the necessity to measure the effectiveness of a voltage or current source in supplying power to a resistive load.
The effective value of a periodic current represents the direct current (DC) that conveys the same average power to a resistor as the periodic current itself. This concept is crucial when assessing AC circuits. To determine the...
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control01:21

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control

Phase-lag controllers are widely used in control systems to improve stability and reduce steady-state errors. A dimmer switch controlling the brightness of a light bulb serves as a practical example of phase-lag control, gradually adjusting the bulb's brightness. Mathematically, phase-lag control or low-pass filtering is represented when the factor 'a' is less than 1.
Phase-lag controllers do not place a pole at zero, but instead influence the steady-state error by amplifying any finite,...
Continuous -time Fourier Transform01:11

Continuous -time Fourier Transform

The Fourier series is instrumental in representing periodic functions, offering a powerful method to decompose such functions into a sum of sinusoids. This technique, however, necessitates modification when applied to nonperiodic functions. Consider a pulse-train waveform consisting of a series of rectangular pulses. When these pulses have a finite period, they can be accurately represented by a Fourier series. Yet, as the period approaches infinity, resulting in a single, isolated pulse, the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
09:43

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

Published on: March 20, 2017

Optical pulse shaping using optical coherent transients.

Zeb Barber, Mingzhen Tian, Randy Reibel

    Optics Express
    |May 20, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A novel method uses chirped laser pulses for multi-gigahertz optical signal processing in rare-earth doped crystals. This technique enables high-speed pulse shaping and processing with low-bandwidth electronics.

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    Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets
    07:45

    Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

    Published on: February 6, 2014

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    Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
    09:43

    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

    Published on: March 20, 2017

    Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets
    07:45

    Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

    Published on: February 6, 2014

    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Quantum Optics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Optical signal processing traditionally faces bandwidth limitations.
    • Rare-earth doped crystals offer unique optical properties for data storage and processing.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a new method for multi-gigahertz (GHz) optical coherent transient optical pulse shaping and processing.
    • To demonstrate high-speed optical processing using low-bandwidth components.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing multiple temporally-overlapped, frequency offset, and phase-tuned linear frequency chirps.
    • Employing chirped laser sources for controlled optical pulse shaping.
    • Implementing the technique in inhomogeneously broadened rare-earth doped crystals.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved multi-GHz processing capabilities controlled by low-bandwidth electronics and optical modulators.
    • Demonstrated pulse shaping in the MHz to THz frequency regime.
    • Obtained time-bandwidth-products exceeding 100,000.
    • Successfully performed proof-of-concept demonstrations including pulse train creation, self-convolution, auto-correlation, and chirped pulse compression at ~20 MHz bandwidth.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed method bridges the gap between femtosecond pulse shaping and analog electronics.
    • This technique offers a new pathway for high-speed optical signal processing with existing low-bandwidth technology.
    • The demonstrated capabilities pave the way for advanced optical data manipulation and processing applications.