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Related Concept Videos

X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Investigating Outer Hair Cell Motility with a Combination of External Alternating Electrical Field Stimulation and High-speed Image Analysis
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Published on: July 18, 2011

Imaging of cochlear tissue with a grating interferometer and hard X-rays.

Claus-Peter Richter1, Stephanie Shintani-Smith, Andrew Fishman

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611-3008, USA. cri529@northwestern.edu

Microscopy Research and Technique
|May 21, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Hard X-ray phase contrast imaging can visualize micron-range soft tissue structures, even within bone. This technique, using a grating interferometer, is promising for detailed biological and medical imaging.

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Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Investigating Outer Hair Cell Motility with a Combination of External Alternating Electrical Field Stimulation and High-speed Image Analysis
09:35

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Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating

Published on: October 11, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Biological Imaging
  • X-ray Physics

Background:

  • Imaging soft tissue structures, particularly within challenging environments like the cochlea surrounded by bone, presents a significant challenge in medical and biological fields.
  • Conventional imaging methods often struggle to provide sufficient resolution and contrast for such delicate structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the feasibility of imaging soft tissue structures at micron resolution using hard X-ray phase contrast.
  • To assess the effectiveness of hard X-ray phase contrast imaging for visualizing structures within the cochlea.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized in-line phase contrast imaging with a grating interferometer at the Advanced Photon Source.
  • Employed hard X-ray radiation (5-70 keV) with high photon flux from a third-generation synchrotron source.
  • Compared radiographic and light microscopy images of 20-micrometer thick gerbil cochlear slices.

Main Results:

  • Successfully imaged cochlear soft tissue structures using hard X-ray phase contrast.
  • Demonstrated that thin tissue slices (20 µm) induce substantial phase shifts (1/3π to 2/3π).
  • Showcased the potential for imaging low-absorption contrast structures surrounded by bone.

Conclusions:

  • Hard X-ray phase contrast imaging is a viable method for achieving micron-range resolution of soft tissue.
  • The technique shows promise for imaging delicate biological structures, such as those in the cochlea, even when obscured by bone.
  • Further development could enhance its application in medical diagnostics and biological research.