Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism01:30

Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism

Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
Non-gated Ion Channels01:24

Non-gated Ion Channels

Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism.
Non-gated Ion Channels01:24

Non-gated Ion Channels

Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism.
Multi-pass Transmembrane Proteins and β-barrels01:09

Multi-pass Transmembrane Proteins and β-barrels

In multi-pass transmembrane proteins, the polypeptide chain crosses the membrane more than once. The transmembrane polypeptide chain either forms an α-helix or β-strand structure. α-Helix containing multi-pass transmembrane proteins are ubiquitous, whereas β-strand containing ones are mainly found in gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts.
α-Helix containing multi-pass transmembrane proteins
Multi-pass transmembrane proteins such as G-protein-linked receptors (GPCRs) and...
IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway01:11

IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway

Membrane lipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PI) are precursors for several membrane-bound and soluble second messengers. Specific kinases phosphorylate PI and produce phosphorylated inositol phospholipids. One such inositol phospholipids are the  phosphatidylinositol-4,5 bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], present in the inner half of the lipid bilayer. Upon ligand binding, GPCR stimulates Gq proteins to turn on phospholipase Cꞵ. Activated phospholipase Cꞵ cleaves PI(4,5)P2 and produces two-second...
Ligand-gated Ion Channels01:19

Ligand-gated Ion Channels

Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins with a channel for ions to pass through and a binding site for a ligand. The channel opens only when a ligand attaches to the binding site.
Three Subfamilies of Ligand-gated Ion Channels
Ligand-gated ion channels fall into three subfamilies. The 'Cys-loop' includes the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors. The second one is the 'Pore-loop' channels that include the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

First realization of the piezoelectronic stress-based transduction device.

Nanotechnology·2015
Same author

It's time to reinvent the transistor!

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2010
Same author

The biphenyl molecule as a model transistor.

ACS nano·2009
Same author

The role of chemical contacts in molecular conductance.

Nano letters·2006
Same author

An integrated logic circuit assembled on a single carbon nanotube.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2006
Same author

Charge control in a model biphenyl molecular transistor.

Nano letters·2005

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Plasmid-derived DNA Strand Displacement Gates for Implementing Chemical Reaction Networks
07:50

Plasmid-derived DNA Strand Displacement Gates for Implementing Chemical Reaction Networks

Published on: November 25, 2015

Gating of a three-leg molecule.

Norton D Lang1, Paul M Solomon

  • 1IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA. langn@us.ibm.com

ACS Nano
|May 22, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Researchers explored triphenylene molecules as transistors, aiming for higher voltage gain. However, efficient screening limited gain, though a simple model reproduced transistor characteristics.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular electronics
  • Organic transistors
  • Quantum chemistry

Background:

  • Triphenylene is a three-leg molecule with potential for electronic applications.
  • Molecular transistors offer a pathway to miniaturized electronic devices.
  • Voltage gain is a key parameter for transistor performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the use of triphenylene as a molecular transistor.
  • To analyze the electrostatic control of charge transport in a triphenylene-based transistor.
  • To understand the factors limiting voltage gain in such a device.

Main Methods:

  • Self-consistent density functional calculations were employed.
  • Analysis of charge transport between electrodes controlled by an electrostatic gate.

More Related Videos

Modeling Ligands into Maps Derived from Electron Cryomicroscopy
09:30

Modeling Ligands into Maps Derived from Electron Cryomicroscopy

Published on: July 19, 2024

Fabricating Nanogaps by Nanoskiving
07:36

Fabricating Nanogaps by Nanoskiving

Published on: May 13, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Plasmid-derived DNA Strand Displacement Gates for Implementing Chemical Reaction Networks
07:50

Plasmid-derived DNA Strand Displacement Gates for Implementing Chemical Reaction Networks

Published on: November 25, 2015

Modeling Ligands into Maps Derived from Electron Cryomicroscopy
09:30

Modeling Ligands into Maps Derived from Electron Cryomicroscopy

Published on: July 19, 2024

Fabricating Nanogaps by Nanoskiving
07:36

Fabricating Nanogaps by Nanoskiving

Published on: May 13, 2013

  • Development of a simple electrostatic model for transistor characteristics.

    • Main Results:

    • Triphenylene was configured as a transistor with potential for increased voltage gain.
    • Despite close electrostatic coupling, maximum voltage gain was less than unity.
    • Efficient screening by polarized molecular states limited the voltage gain.
    • A simple electrostatic model accurately reproduced the transistor's current-voltage behavior.

    Conclusions:

    • Triphenylene-based molecular transistors show promise but face limitations in voltage gain.
    • Molecular state polarization significantly screens internal potentials, reducing gain.
    • Simple electrostatic models can effectively describe the behavior of these molecular transistors.