Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...
Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis01:20

Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis

Tachyphylaxis is described as a rapid decrease in response to a drug after repeated or continuous administration of the same drug dose. It is a phenomenon where the body becomes less responsive to a particular substance or intervention over time, requiring higher doses or stronger interventions to achieve the same effect. It results from adaptive changes in the body's receptors, signaling pathways, or physiological processes that occur in response to prolonged exposure to a stimulus.
Several...
Effects of EDTA on End-Point Detection Methods01:18

Effects of EDTA on End-Point Detection Methods

Different methods, such as visual observance of metal-ion indicators, spectroscopic techniques, and potentiometric methods, can determine the endpoint of an EDTA titration.
In the visual method, metal-ion indicators (metallochromic dyes), which have distinct colors in their free and complex forms, are added to the mixture to signal the titration's end point. They form stable complexes with metal ions, but these complexes are weaker than the corresponding metal–EDTA complexes. As a result, EDTA...
EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents01:26

EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents

EDTA titrations are usually carried out in highly basic conditions, where the fully deprotonated form of EDTA, Y4−, actively complexes with the free metal ions in the solution. Several metal ions precipitate as hydrous oxide (hydroxides, oxides, or oxyhydroxides) under these conditions, lowering the concentration of free metal ions in the solution. For this reason, auxiliary complexing agents or ligands such as ammonia, tartrate, citrate, or triethanolamine are used in EDTA titrations to...
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions01:29

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions

Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Successful treatment of classic Kaposi sarcoma with topical timolol: report of two cases.

The British journal of dermatology·2015
Same author

Milia en plaque.

Actas dermo-sifiliograficas·2013
Same author

Papular mycosis fungoides on the legs: a case report.

Actas dermo-sifiliograficas·2013
Same author

Primary dermal melanoma: a case report and a review of the literature.

Actas dermo-sifiliograficas·2012
Same author

[Necrotizing cellulitis as the first manifestation of disseminated cryptococcosis].

Actas dermo-sifiliograficas·2011
Same author

[Epidemiology of contact dermatitis: prevalence of sensitization to different allergens and associated factors].

Actas dermo-sifiliograficas·2010

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Contact Hypersensitivity as a Murine Model of Allergic Contact Dermatitis
08:25

Contact Hypersensitivity as a Murine Model of Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Published on: September 26, 2022

[Contact sensitization to Euxyl K-400].

M T Bordel-Gómez1, A Miranda-Romero

  • 1Servicio de Dermatología. Complejo Asistencial Virgen de la Concha. Zamora. España. matebordel@yahoo.es

Actas Dermo-Sifiliograficas
|May 22, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Euxyl K400 sensitization affects 1.4% of patients, with methyldibromoglutaronitrile (MDGN) being the primary sensitizer. Sensitization to Euxyl K400 showed good agreement with MDGN but poor agreement with 2-phenoxyethanol.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Contact Hypersensitivity as a Murine Model of Allergic Contact Dermatitis
08:25

Contact Hypersensitivity as a Murine Model of Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Published on: September 26, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Allergology
  • Cosmetic Science

Context:

  • Euxyl K400, a preservative in cosmetics and topical drugs, contains methyldibromoglutaronitrile (MDGN) and 2-phenoxyethanol.
  • Preservative sensitization is a growing concern in dermatology and allergy units.

Purpose:

  • To determine the prevalence of Euxyl K400 sensitization.
  • To assess sensitization to its individual components, MDGN and 2-phenoxyethanol.
  • To evaluate the agreement between sensitization to Euxyl K400 and its components.

Summary:

  • A retrospective study analyzed 1,092 patients over 5 years, using standard allergy testing including 0.3% MDGN and 1% 2-phenoxyethanol.
  • 1.4% of patients showed Euxyl K400 sensitization, with 11 positive to MDGN and 2 to 2-phenoxyethanol.
  • Sensitization was more common in men, with good agreement between Euxyl K400 and MDGN (Kp=0.68), but poor agreement with 2-phenoxyethanol (Kp=0.23).

Impact:

  • Identifies MDGN as the main driver of Euxyl K400 sensitization.
  • Provides data on preservative allergy prevalence for clinical practice.
  • Informs cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulation regarding preservative safety.