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Sexual dysfunction in middle-aged women: a multicenter Latin American study using the Female Sexual Function Index.

Juan E Blümel1, Peter Chedraui, German Baron

  • 1Institute of Biomedicine, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, PO Box 09-01-4671, Guayaquil, Ecuador.

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Summary

Sexual dysfunction (SD) is highly prevalent in middle-aged Latin American women, with decreased vaginal lubrication being a key risk factor. Modifiable factors contribute to the wide variation in SD prevalence across populations.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Women's Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Sexual dysfunction (SD) affects a significant portion of middle-aged women globally.
  • Understanding the prevalence and risk factors for SD in Latin American populations is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prevalence of sexual dysfunction (SD) and identify associated risk factors among middle-aged Latin American women.
  • To utilize a validated instrument for comprehensive assessment.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 7,243 healthy women aged 40-59 years from 11 Latin American countries.
  • The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and a sociodemographic questionnaire were administered.
  • Data were collected from 19 healthcare systems across the region.

Main Results:

  • Over half (56.8%) of sexually active women (n=5,391) reported SD, with prevalence varying significantly by center (21.0% to 98.5%).
  • Key risk factors included decreased vaginal lubrication, use of alternative menopausal therapies, partner SD, older age, bladder problems, and hormonal therapy (HT) use.
  • Protective factors identified were higher education, partner faithfulness, and private healthcare access.

Conclusions:

  • SD is highly prevalent in middle-aged Latin American women, with considerable variation across populations.
  • Decreased vaginal lubrication emerged as the most significant risk factor.
  • Addressing modifiable risk factors presents an opportunity to reduce SD prevalence in this demographic.