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Point-of-Care Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition

Point-of-Care Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition

Published on: June 21, 2024

Contrast-enhanced sonography in early kidney graft dysfunction.

L Benozzi¹, G Cappelli, M Granito

¹Nephrology Dialysis and Renal Transplantation Unit, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy.

Transplantation Proceedings

|May 23, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Contrast-enhanced sonography (CEUS) and Doppler ultrasound effectively identify early kidney graft dysfunction. CEUS parameters offer prognostic insights, distinguishing acute tubular necrosis from acute rejection episodes.

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Area of Science:

Nephrology
Radiology
Transplant Surgery

Background:

Early detection of kidney graft dysfunction is crucial for patient outcomes.
Contrast-enhanced sonography (CEUS) and power Doppler ultrasound (US) are non-invasive imaging modalities.
Differentiating acute tubular necrosis (ATN) from acute rejection episodes (ARE) is clinically important.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare CEUS and power Doppler US findings in renal grafts within 30 days posttransplantation.
To evaluate the ability of these imaging techniques to detect early graft dysfunction.
To determine if CEUS parameters can differentiate between ATN and ARE.

Main Methods:

39 kidney recipients underwent CEUS and US at 5, 15, and 30 days post-grafting.
CEUS parameters (PEAK, TTP, MTT, RBF, RBV, RATIO) and US resistivity indexes (RI) were analyzed.
Results were correlated with clinical findings, kidney function (creatinine, eGFR), and biopsy data.

Main Results:

Both CEUS and US detected increased RI, reduced PEAK, and RBF in grafts with dysfunction (ATN and ARE groups).
Specific CEUS parameters like RATIO-RBV and RATIO-MTT were lower in ATN, while TTP was higher in ARE compared to controls.
Mean transit time (MTT) at day 5 was significantly related to creatinine levels at day 30.

Conclusions:

CEUS and US are valuable tools for identifying early kidney graft dysfunction.
Certain CEUS-derived parameters provide prognostic information and can help distinguish ATN from ARE.
These imaging techniques can aid in the early management of kidney transplant recipients.