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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
12:42

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo

Published on: January 7, 2019

[Oncolytic virotherapy for human solid tumors].

Toshiyoshi Fujiwara1

  • 1Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan.

Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer & Chemotherapy
|May 23, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Telomerase-specific oncolytic adenoviruses offer a novel cancer treatment. These engineered viruses, like Telomelysin (OBP-301), target cancer cells by utilizing the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) promoter, sparing healthy cells.

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Transarterial Administration of Oncolytic Viruses for Locoregional Therapy of Orthotopic HCC in Rats
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Handling of the Cotton Rat in Studies for the Pre-clinical Evaluation of Oncolytic Viruses
06:13

Handling of the Cotton Rat in Studies for the Pre-clinical Evaluation of Oncolytic Viruses

Published on: November 24, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Oncolytic virotherapy
  • Molecular oncology
  • Gene therapy

Context:

  • Cancer development involves telomerase activation, closely linked to human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) expression.
  • Replication-selective, tumor-specific viruses represent a promising therapeutic strategy for neoplastic diseases.
  • Adenovirus 5 vectors can be engineered for targeted cancer cell destruction.

Purpose:

  • To develop and review telomerase-specific oncolytic adenoviruses for cancer treatment and diagnostics.
  • To construct an adenovirus 5 vector (Telomelysin, OBP-301) driven by the hTERT promoter for tumor-specific gene expression.
  • To create a modified vector (TelomeScan, OBP-401) with a reporter gene for in vivo viral replication monitoring.

Summary:

  • Telomelysin (OBP-301), an attenuated adenovirus 5 vector, efficiently replicates and induces cell killing in human cancer cell lines by leveraging the hTERT promoter.
  • Replication and cytotoxicity of Telomelysin are significantly reduced in normal cells lacking telomerase activity, demonstrating tumor specificity.
  • TelomeScan (OBP-401), a derivative of OBP-301, incorporates a green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene for visualizing viral replication and has shown potential in detecting metastasis in preclinical models.

Impact:

  • Telomerase-specific oncolytic adenoviruses provide a targeted approach to cancer therapy, minimizing damage to healthy tissues.
  • The development of TelomeScan allows for non-invasive monitoring of viral activity and tumor spread, aiding in treatment assessment.
  • This research highlights advancements in oncolytic virotherapy, combining therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities for improved cancer management.