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Related Concept Videos

Cancer02:18

Cancer

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Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
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Disorders of Leukocytes01:27

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Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
Leukopenia may result from bone marrow disorders, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. For example, conditions such as multiple myeloma and aplastic anemia can impair the bone marrow's ability to produce adequate leukocytes. Similarly, autoimmune diseases like lupus and viral infections such as HIV can prompt the immune...
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Secondary Lymphoid Organs01:15

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

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Secondary organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), work harmoniously to protect us from disease and infection.
The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, nestled in the upper left side of the abdomen. It is composed of two primary regions: the red pulp and the white pulp, each having distinct functions. The red pulp performs a significant role in blood filtration. It efficiently purges the blood of old or damaged red blood cells and...
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Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

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Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
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Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

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Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
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Lymphoid Cells and Tissues01:18

Lymphoid Cells and Tissues

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Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
Lymphoid cells consist of various types of immune system cells. These include B and T lymphocytes, which are responsible for producing antibodies and killing infected cells, respectively. Dendritic cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Bioprinting of Hydrogel Tumor Slices as a 3D Model for Mantle Cell Lymphoma
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Bioprinting of Hydrogel Tumor Slices as a 3D Model for Mantle Cell Lymphoma

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[Malignant lymphomas].

Yuko Yamaguchi1, Noriko Usui

  • 1Dept. of Clinical Oncology & Hematology, Jikei University Daisan Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer & Chemotherapy
|May 23, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Molecular targeted drugs have improved malignant lymphoma treatment outcomes. However, established therapies for relapsed or refractory lymphoma, including chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation (SCT), are being expanded with new options like novel monoclonal antibodies and radioimmunotherapy.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Context:

  • Malignant lymphomas have seen improved outcomes with molecular targeted drugs like rituximab.
  • Treatment for relapsed or refractory lymphoma remains a clinical challenge.
  • Current second-line therapies include chemotherapy, autologous and allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT).

Purpose:

  • To review established and emerging therapeutic strategies for relapsed or refractory lymphoma.
  • To highlight novel treatment options beyond conventional chemotherapy and SCT.

Summary:

  • Established treatments for relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma and diffuse large B cell lymphoma involve chemotherapy (alkylating agents, purine analogues) and stem cell transplantation (SCT).
  • Emerging therapies include new anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (e.g., IMMU-106(hA20)), anti-CD22 monoclonal antibodies (epratuzumab), and radioimmunotherapy (e.g., Y-90 ibritumomab, I-131 tositumomab).

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Impact:

  • Advances in lymphoma treatment offer new hope for patients with relapsed or refractory disease.
  • The integration of novel targeted therapies and radioimmunotherapy expands clinical options for difficult-to-treat lymphomas.
  • Improved therapeutic strategies aim to enhance treatment outcomes and patient survival in malignant lymphomas.