Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 23, 2026
08:50
5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat
Published on: July 3, 2013
[Gastric emptying and chronic renal failure]
Eunice Sizue Hirata1, Maria Aparecida Mesquita, Gentil Alves Filho
1Departamento de Anestesiologia, FCM, UNICAMP, Brazil. eshirata@hotmail.com
Revista Brasileira De Anestesiologia
|May 23, 2009
Summary
Delayed gastric emptying (GE) is common in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), potentially explaining their gastric issues. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms behind this delayed GE.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology and Nephrology
- Physiology of gastric motility
- Uremic toxicity
Context:
- Delayed gastric emptying (GE) is a recognized complication with implications for anesthesia and preoperative fasting.
- Gastric complaints are prevalent in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF).
- Existing literature presents conflicting findings regarding GE in CRF patients, potentially due to methodological differences.
Purpose:
- To review key aspects of dyspeptic syndrome in CRF patients.
- To emphasize the role of delayed GE in CRF.
- To explore the relationship between uremia and gastric emptying.
Summary:
- Gastric emptying is a complex process involving the transfer of food from the stomach to the duodenum.
- Scintigraphy with radiolabeled meals is the primary method for studying GE.
- A significant proportion of end-stage renal disease patients exhibit delayed GE.
- Mechanisms beyond uremia may contribute to impaired gastric motor function in CRF.
Impact:
- Highlights the clinical significance of delayed GE in CRF patients.
- Provides a foundation for further research into the pathophysiology of gastric dysfunction in renal disease.
- Informs clinical practice regarding preoperative fasting and management of dyspeptic symptoms in CRF.
![Assessment of Gastric Emptying in Non-obese Diabetic Mice Using a [13C]-octanoic Acid Breath Test](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcloudfront.jove.com%2FCDNSource%2Fteasers%2F50301.jpg&w=3840&q=50)
Related Concept Videos
01:16Gastric Emptying
Gastric emptying occurs when the stomach gradually releases chyme into the duodenum. When the stomach is distended, it triggers the release of gastrin, a hormone that promotes gastric acid secretion to aid in digestion. Additionally, stomach distension contributes to peristaltic waves that propel gastric contents toward the pyloric region. The gastroenteric reflex, on the other hand, primarily stimulates peristalsis in the intestines, facilitating the movement of contents further along the...
01:17Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment
Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
01:23Renal Clearance
The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a critical marker of kidney function, reflecting the efficiency of filtration by the glomeruli. Renal clearance of specific substances, such as inulin or creatinine, is commonly used to measure GFR.
Renal clearance refers to the volume of plasma cleared of a specific substance, such as creatinine, per unit of time. To measure clearance, urine samples are collected over a 24-hour period during each bladder voiding, followed by a single blood sample at the...
Renal clearance refers to the volume of plasma cleared of a specific substance, such as creatinine, per unit of time. To measure clearance, urine samples are collected over a 24-hour period during each bladder voiding, followed by a single blood sample at the...
01:18Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion
In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
01:28Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area. This equation is...
01:25Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Measurement of Glomerular Filtration Rate
The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a critical indicator of kidney health, reflecting how well the kidneys filter blood. Changes in GFR can signal potential kidney impairment, necessitating accurate measurement methods to monitor kidney function effectively.Various molecules can serve as markers for GFR measurement, with the ideal marker meeting several specific criteria. It must freely filter at the glomerulus, avoid reabsorption or secretion by the renal tubules, remain unmetabolized, not...