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Related Concept Videos

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
IV Infusion to Oral Dosing: Conversion Methods01:28

IV Infusion to Oral Dosing: Conversion Methods

The development of extended-release formulations has facilitated the transition from intravenous to oral medication, offering a more convenient and patient-friendly approach to drug administration. This transition, however, requires careful management to ensure that therapeutic drug levels are maintained, preserving efficacy and avoiding adverse effects. Understanding pharmacokinetic principles and dosage calculations is critical during this process.Pharmacokinetics of the...
General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview01:20

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview

Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...
Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects01:12

Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects

While local anesthetics are generally safe and well-tolerated, they can occasionally cause adverse effects that vary in severity. Local anesthetics can induce toxicity at two distinct levels. They can either produce local effects through direct contact with the neural elements or be absorbed into the bloodstream from the injection site, leading to systemic effects.
Once absorbed into the systemic circulation, local anesthetics can affect the organs that depend on the functioning of sodium...

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Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Guidelines for Elective Pediatric Fiberoptic Intubation
11:19

Guidelines for Elective Pediatric Fiberoptic Intubation

Published on: January 17, 2011

[Propofol infusion syndrome.].

Fabiano Timbó Barbosa1

  • 1Unidade de Emergência Dr. Armando Lages.

Revista Brasileira De Anestesiologia
|May 23, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Propofol infusion syndrome is a rare but fatal condition from prolonged propofol use, causing metabolic issues and heart failure. Use propofol cautiously and discontinue if syndrome signs appear.

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Pharmacology

Context:

  • Propofol infusion syndrome (PRIS) is a rare, potentially fatal complication of prolonged propofol administration.
  • It is characterized by severe metabolic acidosis, rhabdomyolysis, and cardiovascular failure.

Purpose:

  • To review the literature on propofol infusion syndrome.
  • To present aspects related to its physiopathology, clinical characteristics, and treatment.
  • To discuss dose recommendations for critically ill patients.

Summary:

  • Physiopathology, clinical presentation, and management strategies for PRIS are detailed.
  • The review emphasizes the importance of cautious propofol use in continuous infusions.
  • Immediate discontinuation and supportive care are crucial upon suspecting PRIS.

Impact:

  • Highlights the critical need for vigilance in patients receiving prolonged propofol infusions.
  • Informs clinical practice regarding the safe administration and monitoring of propofol.
  • Aims to reduce the incidence and mortality associated with propofol infusion syndrome.