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Updated: Jun 22, 2026
A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
Published on: September 5, 2019
Optimized polarization-selective computer-generated hologram with fewer phase combinations
Abstract:
Normally, to incorporate two binary conventional computer-generated holograms (CGHs) into a single polarization-selective computer-generated hologram (PSCGH), the respective pixels of the conventional CGHs will result in 4 different combinations of the phase values. Thus, the 4 phase combinations have to be realized by 4 types of pixel structures in a PSCGH. In this paper, we propose a method to reduce the PSCGH's 4 phase combinations to 3 using an optimization approach. The PSCGH's first-order diffraction efficiency is 30% and the contrast ratio is 28 after the optimization.
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In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...