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Related Concept Videos

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling01:04

¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling

The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
A broadband decoupling technique is used to simplify these complex, sometimes overlapping, signals. Broadband decoupling relies on a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
09:23

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

After-pulse-discarding in single-photon detection to reduce bit errors in quantum key distribution.

Akio Yoshizawa, R Kaji, H Tsuchida

    Optics Express
    |May 26, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary

    High-speed fiber-optic quantum key distribution (QKD) was demonstrated using single-photon detectors. After-pulse detection improved key rates to 17 kHz over 10.5 km with a 2% error rate.

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    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
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    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

    Published on: September 5, 2019

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    Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

    Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
    09:23

    Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

    Published on: May 30, 2014

    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
    07:56

    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

    Published on: September 5, 2019

    Area of Science:

    • Quantum Information Science
    • Optoelectronics
    • Cybersecurity

    Background:

    • High-speed single-photon detectors are crucial for efficient quantum key distribution (QKD).
    • After-pulses from detectors can increase bit error rates, hindering QKD performance.
    • Operation at 1550 nm is standard for fiber-optic communication and QKD.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate fiber-optic quantum key distribution (QKD) using high-speed single-photon detectors.
    • To mitigate the impact of after-pulses on QKD bit error rates.
    • To achieve a high key generation rate over a significant fiber length.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized single-photon detectors operating at 5 MHz for QKD.
    • Implemented a method to discard after-pulses by analyzing detection event time intervals.
    • Conducted experiments over a 10.5 km fiber optic link.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a quantum key distribution (QKD) key rate of 17 kHz.
    • Maintained a bit error rate of 2% over the 10.5 km fiber.
    • Successfully demonstrated the effectiveness of after-pulse rejection in improving QKD performance.

    Conclusions:

    • High-speed single-photon detection is feasible for practical quantum key distribution (QKD).
    • After-pulse mitigation techniques are essential for high-performance QKD systems.
    • The demonstrated system offers a promising approach for secure communication over fiber optic networks.