Effects of Web- and computer-based smoking cessation programs: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Seung-Kwon Myung1, Diana D McDonnell, Gene Kazinets
1Smoking Cessation Clinic, Center for Cancer Prevention and Detection, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Control Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea. msk@ncc.re.kr
Archives of Internal Medicine
|May 27, 2009
Summary
Web and computer smoking cessation programs significantly help adults quit smoking. This meta-analysis confirms their effectiveness across various study designs and populations.
Area of Science:
- Digital Health Interventions
- Behavioral Science
- Public Health
Background:
- Effectiveness of digital smoking cessation programs varies in randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
- Previous research shows inconsistent results for Web- and computer-based interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the overall effectiveness of Web- and computer-based smoking cessation programs.
- To synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using meta-analysis.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Review up to August 2008.
- Independent selection and review of eligible studies by two evaluators.
- Random-effects meta-analysis of 22 RCTs involving 29,549 participants.
Main Results:
- Digital smoking cessation programs showed a significant positive effect on smoking cessation (RR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.27-1.64).
- Both Web-based (RR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.13-1.72) and computer-based (RR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.25-1.76) interventions were effective.
- Effectiveness was consistent across various methodological rigor, intervention types, abstinence rates, and follow-up durations, except in adolescent populations.
Conclusions:
- Meta-analysis of RCTs provides strong clinical evidence for digital smoking cessation programs.
- Web- and computer-based interventions are effective tools for adult smoking cessation.
- These digital health solutions offer a viable option for public health initiatives targeting smokers.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques IV
Stress often leads to unhealthy habits like smoking, excessive drinking, and overeating, which offer short-term relief but ultimately increase long-term health risks. These behaviors create a cycle that temporarily lowers stress levels but can result in severe long-term health consequences. Breaking these habits is essential to reduce the risk of chronic diseases and improve overall well-being. Three primary changes that support better health include quitting smoking, reducing alcohol intake,...
01:27CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine
Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
01:23Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants
Ganglionic stimulants activate NM nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia, falling into two categories: nicotine mimetics [e.g., lobeline, dimethylpiperazine, tetramethylammonium] and muscarinic receptor agonists [e.g., muscarine, methacholine]. The first category's action is rapid and blocked by nicotinic receptor antagonists, while the second category's action is delayed and blocked by atropine-like agents. Nicotine, an alkaloid, affects the heart rate by stimulating sympathetic or...
01:17Drug Dependence
Medications are typically administered to achieve therapeutic effects. Some drugs can modify an individual's mood and perception, frequently resulting in various enjoyable experiences. However, this can result in drug dependency, a condition marked by continuous drug use despite potential negative consequences. Drug dependency primarily falls into two categories: psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when the pleasurable feelings induced by the drug...
01:29Stimulants
Stimulants are substances that enhance neural activity and elevate dopamine levels in the brain, leading to their highly addictive nature. These drugs include cocaine, amphetamines, MDMA, caffeine, and nicotine, each with distinct mechanisms of action and varied health implications.
Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...
Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...
01:25Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data
Epidemiological data primarily involves information on specific populations' occurrence, distribution, and determinants of health and diseases. This data is crucial for understanding disease patterns and impacts, aiding public health decision-making and disease prevention strategies. The analysis of epidemiological data employs various statistical methods to interpret health-related data effectively. Here are some commonly used methods: