Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Developing a Salivary Antibody Multiplex Immunoassay to Measure Human Exposure to Environmental Pathogens
09:08

Developing a Salivary Antibody Multiplex Immunoassay to Measure Human Exposure to Environmental Pathogens

Published on: September 12, 2016

Epidemiological and molecular studies of measles at different clusters in hokkaido district, Japan, 2007

Hideki Nagano1, Masaru Jinushi, Hiroki Tanabe

  • 1Center for Infectious Diseases Control, Hokkaido Institute of Public Health, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan. nagano@iph.pref.hokkaido.jp

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases
|May 27, 2009
PubMed

Insights

In 2007, Hokkaido, Japan experienced a large measles outbreak with 850 cases, impacting public health. Molecular analysis revealed the measles virus strain was genotype D5, common in Japan, but its origin in Hokkaido was likely not indigenous.

Area of Science:

  • * Epidemiology and Virology
  • * Public Health and Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • * Measles outbreaks pose significant public health challenges, particularly in communities with school-aged populations.
  • * In 2007, Hokkaido district, Japan, experienced a substantial measles epidemic, highlighting the need to understand transmission dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of the 2007 measles outbreak in Hokkaido.
  • * To determine the molecular epidemiology of the measles virus strains involved.
  • * To assess the potential origin and spread of the measles virus in the region.

Main Methods:

  • * Retrospective analysis of 850 identified measles cases in Hokkaido during 2007.
  • * Genotyping of 28 measles virus isolates.
  • * Comparison of viral genotypes with those found in other Japanese regions.

Main Results:

  • * The outbreak involved 850 cases, with approximately half affecting individuals aged 15 years or older, leading to school closures.
  • * 31% of cases had a documented history of measles vaccination.
  • * All 28 detected measles virus isolates were identified as genotype D5, consistent with strains circulating elsewhere in Japan.

Conclusions:

  • * The 2007 Hokkaido measles outbreak represented a significant public health issue, affecting a large, mixed-age population.
  • * The widespread circulation of a highly homologous measles virus genotype (D5) across Japan was confirmed.
  • * Epidemiological patterns and molecular data suggest the measles virus strain responsible for the Hokkaido outbreak may not have originated locally.

More Related Videos

Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses12:20

Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses

Published on: December 29, 2015

Standardization of Transfer across Labs between Flow Cytometers for Detection of Lymphocytes in Japanese Encephalitis Vaccinated Children06:22

Standardization of Transfer across Labs between Flow Cytometers for Detection of Lymphocytes in Japanese Encephalitis Vaccinated Children

Published on: February 10, 2023

Related Concept Videos

Investigation of Disease Outbreaks01:23

Investigation of Disease Outbreaks

Multistate foodborne outbreaks pose significant public health risks and require meticulous investigation to identify sources and implement control measures. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) utilizes a dynamic seven-step process for these investigations, integrating data from laboratories, interviews, and environmental assessments to protect public health.Outbreak Detection: The detection of multistate outbreaks typically begins with PulseNet, the CDC's national laboratory...
Steps in Outbreak Investigation01:18

Steps in Outbreak Investigation

In the ever-evolving field of public health, statistical analysis serves as a cornerstone for understanding and managing disease outbreaks. By leveraging various statistical tools, health professionals can predict potential outbreaks, analyze ongoing situations, and devise effective responses to mitigate impact. For that to happen, there are a few possible stages of the analysis:
Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data01:25

Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data

Epidemiological data primarily involves information on specific populations' occurrence, distribution, and determinants of health and diseases. This data is crucial for understanding disease patterns and impacts, aiding public health decision-making and disease prevention strategies. The analysis of epidemiological data employs various statistical methods to interpret health-related data effectively. Here are some commonly used methods:
Principles of Disease Surveillance01:26

Principles of Disease Surveillance

Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence01:28

Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence

Infectious diseases appear in populations through various transmission patterns, influenced by pathogen characteristics, population immunity, environmental conditions, and social behavior. Understanding these patterns is essential for effective public health surveillance and intervention. These categories—sporadic, outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, and endemic—help frame the nature and scope of disease events.Sporadic diseases occur irregularly and infrequently, without a predictable temporal or...
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease01:29

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...