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Related Concept Videos

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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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The ovaries are roughly the size of almonds and measure approximately 2 to 3 centimeters in length. These paired structures are situated within the pelvic region and are anchored by the mesovarium—a peritoneal extension that also connects them to the wider structure of the broad ligament. The support system extends to the suspensory ligament, housing blood and lymphatic vessels. In addition, the ovarian ligament tethers the ovaries to the uterus.
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Fruits form from a mature flower ovary. As seeds develop from the ovules contained within, the ovary wall undergoes a series of complex changes to form fruit. In some fruits, such as soybeans, the ovary wall dries; in other fruits, such as grapes, it remains fleshy. In some cases, organs other than the ovary contribute to fruit formation; such fruits are called accessory fruits.
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The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
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Rapid Antibody Glycoengineering in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells
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Developing genomic platforms for Chinese hamster ovary cells.

Anne Kantardjieff1, Peter Morin Nissom2, Song Hui Chuah2

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Genomic resources for Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were developed using Sanger and deep sequencing. These tools advance recombinant protein production and CHO cell transcriptome analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Genomics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are critical for recombinant protein production.
  • Limited genomic resources exist for CHO cells, hindering bioprocessing advancements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop comprehensive genomic resources for CHO cells.
  • To enable advanced transcriptome analysis and improve recombinant protein production.

Main Methods:

  • Sanger sequencing to generate over 68,000 expressed sequence tags (ESTs).
  • Functional annotation using related species.
  • Development of custom CHO Affymetrix arrays.
  • Illumina Solexa deep sequencing for transcriptome and small RNA analysis.

Main Results:

  • A sequence repertoire of over 28,000 unique CHO transcripts was established.
  • Significant functional representation, including protein production-related classes.
  • Successful application of genomic tools for transcriptome profiling.

Conclusions:

  • Developed genomic resources significantly enhance CHO cell research.
  • Next-generation sequencing technologies are applicable for CHO cell transcriptome studies.
  • These advancements facilitate improved recombinant protein production in CHO cells.