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Related Concept Videos

Blood Pressure01:24

Blood Pressure

The movement of blood in a human body, commonly referred to as blood flow, is determined by the volume of blood that traverses a certain section of the bodily system per unit time. It is the rhythmic contraction of the heart's ventricles that primarily instigates this movement. As the ventricles contract, blood is forced into the prominent arteries, which then flow from areas of greater pressure to lower pressure areas. This movement continues into smaller arteries and arterioles and...
Blood Pressure01:30

Blood Pressure

Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure or force of blood exerted on the artery's walls as it circulates through the body. It is essential for maintaining blood flow throughout the body.
The average BP in an adult is typically around 120/80 mmHg (millimeters of mercury). In this measurement, the numerator (120) indicates the systolic pressure, which is the pressure in the arteries during the contraction of the heart's ventricles as blood is expelled. The denominator (80) represents the diastolic...
Measurement of Blood Pressure01:17

Measurement of Blood Pressure

Assessing blood pressure is a standard procedure executed in virtually all medical environments. The method utilized today was established over a hundred years ago by an innovative Russian doctor, Dr. Nikolai Korotkoff. The soft ticking noise, known as Korotkoff sounds, heard while taking blood pressure readings results from turbulent blood flow within the vessels. The apparatus required for this procedure includes a sphygmomanometer, a blood pressure cuff attached to a gauge, and a stethoscope.
Sites for measuring blood pressure01:21

Sites for measuring blood pressure

Blood pressure measurement is a fundamental clinical procedure, providing crucial data for assessing cardiovascular health. Among the various sites for this measurement, the brachial and popliteal arteries are predominantly utilized due to their accessibility and the reliability of their readings. This lesson delves into the anatomical significance, methodology, and considerations of measuring blood pressure at these locations.
The Brachial Artery: Primary Site for Blood Pressure Measurement
Special considerations while measuring blood pressure01:28

Special considerations while measuring blood pressure

When assessing blood pressure (BP), healthcare professionals must consider various factors and potential unexpected outcomes to ensure accurate readings and provide proper patient care. Adhering to these guidelines is essential to achieving the most reliable results.
Monitoring Both Arms:
Monitoring BP in both arms during the initial assessment is advisable, as the systolic value may differ by five to ten mm Hg between arms. For subsequent BP assessments, use the arm with the higher reading.
Pulse01:16

Pulse

When the heart pumps blood out, arterial elastic fibers play a crucial role in sustaining a high-pressure gradient. They expand to accommodate the received blood and then recoil - a process known as the pulse that can be either manually palpated or electronically quantified. Despite a reduction in its effect with increased distance from the heart, elements of the pulse's systolic and diastolic components persist, observable even at the arteriole level.
The pulse serves as a clinical indicator...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (Cf-PWV) to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness
05:51

Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (Cf-PWV) to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness

Published on: May 3, 2018

Pulse pressure predicts mortality in elderly patients.

Avraham Weiss1, Mona Boaz, Yichayaou Beloosesky

  • 1Geriatric Ward, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikvah, Israel. avrahamw@clalit.org.il

Journal of General Internal Medicine
|May 28, 2009
PubMed
Summary

High pulse pressure (PP) is linked to increased mortality in hospitalized elderly patients. This study found that elevated PP independently predicts death in this vulnerable population, highlighting its clinical significance.

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Cutoff Value of Phase Angle by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis at Admission as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Acute Heart Failure

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Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (Cf-PWV) to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness
05:51

Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (Cf-PWV) to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness

Published on: May 3, 2018

Cutoff Value of Phase Angle by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis at Admission as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Acute Heart Failure
05:16

Cutoff Value of Phase Angle by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis at Admission as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Acute Heart Failure

Published on: June 10, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Clinical Epidemiology

Background:

  • Pulse pressure (PP) generally increases with age.
  • The prognostic impact of PP on mortality in elderly individuals remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between pulse pressure and mortality in hospitalized very elderly patients.
  • To determine if high pulse pressure is an independent predictor of mortality in this demographic.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 420 hospitalized patients over 60 years old.
  • Patients were categorized into low PP (<= 62.5 mmHg) and high PP (> 62.5 mmHg) groups.
  • Follow-up averaged 3.46 years, with mortality data from death certificates.

Main Results:

  • The high PP group (N=304) had a significantly greater mortality rate (51%) compared to the low PP group (N=116, 39.7%).
  • Pulse pressure was independently associated with all-cause mortality (HR=1.69, p=0.003), even after adjusting for covariates.
  • A PP cutoff of 62.5 mmHg was identified using ROC curves.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated pulse pressure is an independent predictor of mortality in elderly hospitalized patients.
  • This finding underscores the clinical importance of monitoring PP in geriatric care.