Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional levelĀ in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
Small interfering RNAs (siRNA)02:30

Small interfering RNAs (siRNA)

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional levelĀ in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

FIRST-seq: a nanopore-based cDNA sequencing platform for RNA modification and structure profiling.

Genome biologyĀ·2026
Same author

Specificity of the stabilizing interaction between intrinsically disordered protein sequences and G-quadruplexes in RNA.

Nucleic acids researchĀ·2026
Same author

The emerging roles of long non-coding RNAs in the nervous system.

Nature reviews. NeuroscienceĀ·2025
Same author

ECSFinder: optimized prediction of evolutionarily conserved RNA secondary structures from genome sequences.

Nucleic acids researchĀ·2025
Same author

The mutational landscape and functional effects of noncoding ultraconserved elements in human cancers.

Science advancesĀ·2025
Same author

The Evolution of Ultraconserved Elements in Vertebrates.

Molecular biology and evolutionĀ·2024
Same journal

Optimized tRNA structure-seq reveals robust tRNA secondary structures in <i>S. cerevisiae</i> under mild stress conditions.

RNA (New York, N.Y.)Ā·2026
Same journal

SERIPH: A Two-Step Extraction Protocol for Selective Enrichment of Semi-Extractable RNAs.

RNA (New York, N.Y.)Ā·2026
Same journal

Reduced Sensitivity to RNA Structural Differences Distinguishes Eukaryotic Pus4 from Bacterial TruB.

RNA (New York, N.Y.)Ā·2026
Same journal

Puf3 contributes to changes in mRNA solubility, translation elongation dynamics at rare arginine codons and loss of protein homeostasis in cells lacking Not4.

RNA (New York, N.Y.)Ā·2026
Same journal

RBM38 Regulates HORMAD1 Splicing to Enhances MEK Inhibitor Sensitivity in Breast Cancer.

RNA (New York, N.Y.)Ā·2026
Same journal

EF-P Inhibits Ribosomal Ī±-Hydroxy Acid Incorporation: Strategic tRNA Body Selection for Co-incorporating Ī±-Hydroxy Acids and Nonproteinogenic Amino Acids into Depsipeptides.

RNA (New York, N.Y.)Ā·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Analysis of Spliceosomal snRNA Localization in Human Hela Cells Using Microinjection
07:35

Analysis of Spliceosomal snRNA Localization in Human Hela Cells Using Microinjection

Published on: August 6, 2019

Small RNAs derived from snoRNAs.

Ryan J Taft1, Evgeny A Glazov, Timo Lassmann

  • 1Australian Research Council Special Research Centre for Functional and Applied Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.

RNA (New York, N.Y.)
|May 29, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) can be processed into novel small RNAs called sno-derived RNAs (sdRNAs). These evolutionarily conserved sdRNAs reveal an ancient interplay between RNA silencing and RNA modification systems.

More Related Videos

Characterizing RNA Modifications in Single Neurons Using Mass Spectrometry
08:45

Characterizing RNA Modifications in Single Neurons Using Mass Spectrometry

Published on: April 21, 2022

Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster
09:39

Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster

Published on: August 21, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Analysis of Spliceosomal snRNA Localization in Human Hela Cells Using Microinjection
07:35

Analysis of Spliceosomal snRNA Localization in Human Hela Cells Using Microinjection

Published on: August 6, 2019

Characterizing RNA Modifications in Single Neurons Using Mass Spectrometry
08:45

Characterizing RNA Modifications in Single Neurons Using Mass Spectrometry

Published on: April 21, 2022

Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster
09:39

Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster

Published on: August 21, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are crucial for RNA modification and reside in nucleoli and Cajal bodies.
  • The RNA silencing pathway components interact with these cellular structures.
  • Previous studies indicated that some snoRNAs can be processed into miRNA-like RNAs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of small RNAs derived from snoRNA loci across diverse eukaryotic species.
  • To determine the relationship between snoRNA-derived small RNAs (sdRNAs) and the RNA silencing pathway.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of small RNA populations from various species (human, mouse, chicken, fruit fly, Arabidopsis, fission yeast).
  • Characterization of sdRNA size, origin (3' or 5' end), and sequence features.
  • Investigation of sdRNA association with Argonaute proteins (AGO7, Ago1) and analysis in mutant strains affecting RNA silencing (fly loquacious, Dicer-2; mouse Dicer1, Dgcr8).

Main Results:

  • Small RNAs are derived from the majority of snoRNA loci across animals, plants, and fungi.
  • H/ACA snoRNAs yield 20-24 nt sdRNAs from the 3' end, while C/D snoRNAs produce ~17-19 nt and >27 nt sdRNAs from the 5' end.
  • SdRNAs associate with Argonaute proteins and exhibit altered expression in RNA silencing mutants, indicating functional relevance.

Conclusions:

  • SdRNAs represent a novel and ancient class of small RNAs conserved across eukaryotes.
  • There is a significant interplay between the RNA silencing machinery and the snoRNA-mediated RNA processing pathways.
  • The processing of snoRNAs into sdRNAs is a widespread phenomenon with implications for gene regulation.