System dynamics approach to immunization healthcare issues in developing countries: a case study of Uganda

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Health Systems Research
• Systems Science

Background:

• Immunization coverage is influenced by a complex interplay of political, social, economic, and technological factors.
• Understanding these dynamics is crucial for effective public health interventions and policy development.
• Existing frameworks may not fully capture the multifaceted nature of immunization demand and provision.

Purpose of the Study:

• To critically examine the challenges influencing immunization demand and coverage.
• To propose a novel framework for understanding the immunization process.
• To test the framework's effectiveness using a case study in Ugandan healthcare.

Main Methods:

• Qualitative system dynamics, a feedback and control theory-based modeling approach.
• Field study research methods.
• Case study analysis of Ugandan healthcare provision.

Main Results:

• The study presents a model illustrating the dynamic influences on immunization demand and service provision.
• The proposed framework effectively captures the complexity of the immunization organizational environment.
• Insights were gained into the interplay of various forces affecting immunization coverage in Uganda.

Conclusions:

• A systems dynamics approach provides a deeper understanding of immunization processes.
• The developed framework can facilitate improved decision-making for immunization programs.
• The findings support targeted healthcare policy interventions to enhance immunization coverage.