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Related Concept Videos

Thermal expansion and Thermal stress: Problem Solving01:27

Thermal expansion and Thermal stress: Problem Solving

San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge is exposed to temperatures ranging from -15 °C to 40 °C. At its coldest, the main span of the bridge is 1275 m long. Assuming that the bridge is made entirely of steel, what is the change in its length between these temperatures?
To solve the problem, first, identify the known and unknown quantities. The initial length (L) of the bridge is 1275 m, the coefficient of linear expansion (α) for steel is 12 x 10-6/°C, and the change in temperature (ΔT) is 55 °C.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers
08:48

Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers

Published on: April 20, 2016

Analysis for long period fiber gratings using thermal kernel function.

Jinho Bae, Jun Bae, Sang Kim

    Optics Express
    |May 29, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces a new model to analyze the impact of thermal changes on Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs). The proposed model accurately predicts transmission spectra, validating its effectiveness for thermal sensing applications.

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    Design, Instrumentation and Usage Protocols for Distributed In Situ Thermal Hot Spots Monitoring in Electric Coils using FBG Sensor Multiplexing
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    Published on: March 8, 2020

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    Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

    Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers
    08:48

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    Published on: April 20, 2016

    Design, Instrumentation and Usage Protocols for Distributed In Situ Thermal Hot Spots Monitoring in Electric Coils using FBG Sensor Multiplexing
    10:52

    Design, Instrumentation and Usage Protocols for Distributed In Situ Thermal Hot Spots Monitoring in Electric Coils using FBG Sensor Multiplexing

    Published on: March 8, 2020

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) are sensitive to temperature variations.
    • Accurate modeling of thermal effects in FBGs is crucial for sensor applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop an extended fundamental matrix model for analyzing long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs) under thermal changes.
    • To introduce a kernel function that translates thermal information into changes in coupling coefficient and detuning factor.

    Main Methods:

    • Proposed an extended fundamental matrix model incorporating a novel kernel function.
    • Manufactured LPFG structures subjected to controlled thermal variations using a divided coil heater.
    • Experimentally validated the model by comparing calculated transmission spectra with measured spectra.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed kernel function effectively translates thermal changes into variations in coupling coefficient and detuning factor.
    • Calculated transmission spectra from the extended model closely matched the experimentally measured spectra.
    • Demonstrated the model's validity for analyzing LPFGs under thermal stress.

    Conclusions:

    • The extended fundamental matrix model provides an accurate method for analyzing LPFGs under thermal variations.
    • The proposed kernel function is key to accurately predicting spectral shifts due to temperature.
    • This work offers a reliable tool for designing and implementing thermal sensing systems based on LPFGs.