The metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease: part 2

In part 1 of this overview, the authors reviewed the epidemiology, definitions, pathophysiology, and interaction of inflammatory markers that are elaborated from the very active paracrine adipocyte. In part 2, they focus on the management of the metabolic syndrome. Management of this syndrome includes identification of individuals in the early stages of the syndrome and emphasizes the risk of developing diabetes mellitus and the progression to cardiovascular disease. This can be accomplished by simple physical examination and an assessment of routine laboratory findings, which should include measurement of fasting glucose, a lipid profile, and body morphometrics. A 10-year risk assessment is needed in patients who have a diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome. The most important therapeutic intervention in the metabolic syndrome is lifestyle change, with a focus on weight reduction and regular leisure time physical activity.