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Related Concept Videos

Role of Matrix Metalloproteases in Degradation of ECM01:23

Role of Matrix Metalloproteases in Degradation of ECM

Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of proteins and glycoproteins of the extracellular matrix. MMPs are essential for the migration and proliferation of cells through the dense matrix network, throughout embryonic development, and throughout morphogenesis. The first MMP activity discovered was a collagenase in a tadpole's tail undergoing metamorphosis. The active collagen deposition and modifications lead to the morphogenesis of tadpoles into the adult body.
A...
The Extracellular Matrix01:42

The Extracellular Matrix

In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.Composition of the Extracellular MatrixThe extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse molecules.
The Extracellular Matrix01:29

The Extracellular Matrix

Overview
In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.
Composition of the Extracellular Matrix
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse...
Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces01:13

Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces

In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue. 
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Murine Model of Thoracic Aortic Dissection Induced by Oral β-Aminopropionitrile and Subcutaneous Angiotensin II Infusion
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Thoracic aortic dissection: are matrix metalloproteinases involved?

Xiaoming Zhang1, Ying H Shen, Scott A LeMaire

  • 1Cardiovascular Surgery Service, Texas Heart Institute at St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital, The Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Vascular
|May 30, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Thoracic aortic dissection is a deadly condition linked to aortic wall degeneration. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are implicated, and inhibiting them may offer future therapeutic benefits for this disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Pathobiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is a life-threatening condition with high mortality.
  • Degeneration of the aortic media is a key feature of TAD.
  • Increased matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity is observed in dissected aortic tissue.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current literature on the role of MMPs in TAD pathobiology.
  • To discuss the potential of MMP inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for TAD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on MMPs and thoracic aortic dissection.
  • Summary of current understanding of MMPs' role in TAD.

Main Results:

  • MMPs are upregulated and activated in TAD.
  • MMPs likely contribute to aortic wall damage in dissection.
  • MMP inhibition shows potential for reducing TAD-associated damage.

Conclusions:

  • MMPs play a significant role in the pathobiology of thoracic aortic dissection.
  • Targeting MMPs may represent a promising therapeutic approach for preventing dissection and its complications.