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Physical function is weakly associated with angiotensin-converting enzyme gene I/D polymorphism in elderly Japanese
A Yoshihara1, T Tobina, T Yamaga
1Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan. akihiro@dent.niigata-u.ac.jp
Gerontology
|May 30, 2009
Summary
The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) genotype is linked to physical function in older adults. Specifically, the ACE deletion/deletion genotype is associated with better upper extremity strength and walking speed.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Genetics
- Physiology
Background:
- Physical function decline is common in individuals over 70, with muscle strength decreasing significantly after 75.
- The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) genotype influences physiological processes, including left ventricular hypertrophy.
- Limited research exists on genetic influences on physical performance in specific sports disciplines.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between ACE genotype and physical function in older adults.
- To control for confounding factors, including dental status, in the analysis.
- To explore the genetic underpinnings of age-related physical decline.
Main Methods:
- 431 participants aged 76+ underwent medical exams and 5 physical function tests (hand grip, knee extensor strength, stepping rate, one-leg standing, walking speed).
- ACE gene intron 16 Alu insertion polymorphism was determined.
- Serum biomarkers and occlusal condition (Eichner index) were assessed; multiple linear regression was used for analysis.
Main Results:
- ACE gene I/D polymorphism showed a positive association with hand grip strength and 10-meter walking speed.
- The ACE insertion/insertion (I/I) genotype correlated with higher hand grip strength and faster walking speed.
- Dental status (Eichner index class C) was significantly linked to reduced one-leg standing time.
Conclusions:
- A significant relationship exists between ACE genotype and physical function in older adults.
- The ACE deletion/deletion genotype is particularly associated with upper extremity function.
- Further research can explore targeted interventions based on genetic predispositions.
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