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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation IV: Pharmacological Management01:25

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation IV: Pharmacological Management

Pharmacologic intervention is crucial in treating cardiac arrest patients during ACLS or Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support. The ACLS algorithms guide the administration of specific drugs based on the patient's cardiac arrest rhythm, which includes pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF), asystole, and pulseless electrical activity (PEA).EpinephrineIndication: Epinephrine is the first-line drug for all cardiac arrest rhythms.Mechanism of Action: Epinephrine...

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[The anesthesiologist facing terminality: a survey-based observational study].

Brazilian journal of anesthesiology (Elsevier)·2020
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Can an inflammatory reaction in the meninges, caused by spinal puncture through tattooed skin, evolve into adhesive arachnoiditis? An experimental model in rabbits.

Regional anesthesia and pain medicine·2019
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Effects of a Single Dose of Parecoxib on Inflammatory Response and Ischemic Tubular Injury Caused by Hemorrhagic Shock in Rats.

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[Sedation using dexmedetomidine and remifentanil with local anesthesia for intraoperative speech monitoring: a case report].

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Total Spinal Anesthesia Failure: Have You Assessed the Sensory Anesthesia in Sacral Dermatomes?

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

The Perinatal Asphyxiated Lamb Model: A Model for Newborn Resuscitation
09:03

The Perinatal Asphyxiated Lamb Model: A Model for Newborn Resuscitation

Published on: August 15, 2018

[Anesthesia in pre-eclampsia.].

Eliana Marisa Ganem1, Yara Marcondes Machado Castiglia

  • 1CET, FMB, UNESP.

Revista Brasileira De Anestesiologia
|May 30, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Pre-eclampsia poses significant risks to mothers, presenting anesthetic challenges. Understanding its pathophysiology and management is crucial for reducing maternal and fetal complications during delivery.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Anesthesiology
  • Cardiovascular Physiology

Context:

  • Pre-eclampsia, a condition of pregnancy-induced arterial hypertension, affects a small but vulnerable obstetric population.
  • It is associated with substantial maternal morbidity and mortality, posing anesthetic challenges.
  • Current understanding of its pathophysiology and management requires comprehensive review.

Purpose:

  • To present the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia.
  • To outline pharmacological treatment strategies.
  • To detail anesthetic options for normal or surgical delivery in pre-eclampsia patients.

Summary:

  • This paper reviews the classification, pathophysiology, and systemic effects of pregnancy-induced arterial hypertension.
  • It describes general principles for patient management and anesthetic considerations for delivery.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

The Perinatal Asphyxiated Lamb Model: A Model for Newborn Resuscitation
09:03

The Perinatal Asphyxiated Lamb Model: A Model for Newborn Resuscitation

Published on: August 15, 2018

  • Key pharmacological treatments and anesthetic techniques are discussed.

    • Impact:

    • Enhanced anesthesiologist knowledge of pre-eclampsia pathophysiology and management can reduce perioperative complications.
    • Improved understanding of drug interactions is vital for optimizing anesthetic care.
    • Effective anesthetic management contributes to decreased maternal and fetal mortality.