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Related Concept Videos

Electrophoresis: Overview01:20

Electrophoresis: Overview

Electrophoresis is a powerful analytical separation technique that relies on the differential migration of charged species when subjected to an electric field. The core strength of electrophoresis lies in its ability to separate high-molecular-weight species in complex mixtures. It has found widespread use in biochemistry, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry, allowing the separation of compounds like amino acids, nucleotides, carbohydrates, and proteins with excellent resolution.
There...
Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications01:30

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications

Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
Centrifugation01:05

Centrifugation

Centrifugation is a separation technique based on differences in density or size. It is commonly used to separate solids from aqueous interferents. During centrifugation, the sample is placed in centrifugation tubes and spun at high angular velocity, which allows centrifugal force to act differentially on the different densities or masses of the components. After spinning, the supernatant liquid is decanted. Depending on the specific application, either the pellet or the supernatant is retained...
Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis01:22

Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis is a high-resolution protein separation method first introduced by O' Farrell and Klose in 1975. This method involves protein separation by two dimensions, mass and charge, making it more accurate than one-dimensional gel electrophoresis.
The first dimension separation uses the isoelectric focusing or IEF technique performed on immobilized pH gradient (IPG) strips that separate proteins according to their isoelectric points.
Biological samples, such as  cells...
Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation01:20

Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation

Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation typically consists of several key components. A high-voltage power supply generates the electric field necessary for the separation by connecting to an anode (the positively charged electrode) and a cathode (the negatively charged electrode) located in buffer reservoirs at each end of the capillary tube. The system includes a sample vial, a fused silica capillary tube coated with polyimide for mechanical strength through which the sample components...
Subcellular Fractionation01:32

Subcellular Fractionation

The homogenate obtained after cell lysis contains various membrane-bound organelles that can be further separated into pure fractions by subcellular fractionation. These isolates are used to study specific cellular components, analyze localized protein activity, and are even employed in diagnostics. Fractionation is typically achieved using centrifugation methods, the most common being density-gradient and differential centrifugation.
Differential Centrifugation
Differential centrifugation is...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Electrophoretic Separation of Proteins
08:17

Electrophoretic Separation of Proteins

Published on: June 12, 2008

Electrophoretic methods for separation of nanoparticles.

Noumie Surugau1, Pawel L Urban

  • 1School of Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu Sabah, Malaysia. lnoumie@ums.edu.my

Journal of Separation Science
|May 30, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Electrophoretic techniques effectively separate nanoparticles by size and shape. These methods offer efficient nanoanalysis for quality assurance and safety, aiding nanotechnology

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Nanoparticles are increasingly integrated into various products and procedures.
  • Efficient analytical methods for nanoparticle characterization are crucial.
  • Electrophoretic techniques show promise for nanoparticle separation and analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the progress in applying electrophoretic techniques for nanoparticle separation.
  • To highlight the utility of various electrophoretic methods for nanoparticle characterization.
  • To discuss the role of these techniques in quality assurance and safety control.

Main Methods:

  • Gel electrophoresis for size and shape-based separation.
  • Capillary Electrophoresis (CE), including Capillary Zone Electrophoresis (CZE) with and without additives like SDS.
  • Dielectrophoresis for nanoparticle and nanotube separation.
  • Detection methods such as UV/Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy.

Main Results:

  • Gel electrophoresis successfully separates nanoparticles by size or shape.
  • CE methods, with or without buffer additives, enable efficient separation of metallic nanoparticles by size.
  • CE can separate nanoparticle conjugates with biomolecules.
  • Dielectrophoresis is effective for separating nanotubes.

Conclusions:

  • Electrophoretic methods provide inexpensive and efficient tools for nanoparticle analysis.
  • These techniques are valuable for quality assurance and safety control in nanotechnology.
  • Electrophoretic nanoanalysis can facilitate the transfer of nanotechnologies from research to industry.