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Related Concept Videos

Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic01:26

Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) occur in a healthcare facility while a person receives care for another ailment. This category also includes work-related infections among healthcare staff.
HAIs significantly increase the cost of health care. Extended stays in healthcare institutions, increased disability, increased costs of medications, including specialized antibiotics, and prolonged recovery times add to the patient's expenses and the healthcare institution and funding bodies. Common...
Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
Infection01:20

Infection

When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
Standard Precaution01:26

Standard Precaution

Standard precautions are the minimum infection control safeguards used while caring for all patients, irrespective of their disease condition. They help prevent the spread of common infectious microorganisms to healthcare workers, patients, and visitors in all healthcare settings.
Hand hygiene is the most crucial means to prevent the transmission of disease. Employers are legally required to provide their workers with personal protective equipment (PPE) to minimize exposure or contact with...
Atypical Pneumonia01:14

Atypical Pneumonia

Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease include...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Safety Precautions and Operating Procedures in an (A)BSL-4 Laboratory: 3. Aerobiology
11:13

Safety Precautions and Operating Procedures in an (A)BSL-4 Laboratory: 3. Aerobiology

Published on: October 3, 2016

Laboratory-acquired infections.

Kamaljit Singh1

  • 1Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA. Kamaljit_Singh@rush.edu

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|June 2, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Laboratory workers face risks from common pathogens like Brucella and Salmonella, as well as emerging bioterrorism agents. Prompt medical evaluation and prophylaxis are crucial for exposed personnel to prevent occupational infections.

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Imaging InlC Secretion to Investigate Cellular Infection by the Bacterial Pathogen Listeria monocytogenes
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Imaging InlC Secretion to Investigate Cellular Infection by the Bacterial Pathogen Listeria monocytogenes

Published on: September 19, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Occupational health and safety in clinical and research laboratories.
  • Infectious disease epidemiology and risk assessment.

Background:

  • Laboratory-acquired infections (LAIs) pose a significant risk to healthcare and research personnel.
  • Common causative agents include bacteria (Brucella, Shigella, Salmonella, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Neisseria meningitidis), viruses (Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, HIV), and fungi.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review common and emerging infectious agents responsible for LAIs.
  • To highlight the importance of risk assessment for occupational exposure.
  • To emphasize the role of physicians in managing exposed laboratory workers and alerting laboratories to high-risk infections.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and surveys on laboratory-acquired infections.
  • Discussion of common bacterial, viral, and fungal pathogens.
  • Consideration of uncommon agents relevant to bioterrorism preparedness.

Main Results:

  • Surveys indicate Brucella, Shigella, Salmonella, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Neisseria meningitidis are frequent causes of bacterial LAIs.
  • Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus are the most common viral LAIs.
  • Dimorphic fungi are the leading cause of fungal LAIs.

Conclusions:

  • Laboratory workers are susceptible to a wide range of infectious agents.
  • Physicians must consider occupational acquisition when treating sick laboratory workers and advise on postexposure prophylaxis.
  • Early communication between healthcare providers and laboratories is vital for managing potential high-risk exposures.