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Related Concept Videos

Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

Cells of the Innate Immune Response

The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...

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Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Purification and Expansion of Mouse Invariant Natural Killer T Cells for in vitro and in vivo Studies
08:37

Purification and Expansion of Mouse Invariant Natural Killer T Cells for in vitro and in vivo Studies

Published on: February 15, 2021

[Immunoregulation by iNKT cells].

Sachiko Miyake1

  • 1Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, NCNP, Tokyo, Japan. miyake@ncnp.go.jp

Yakugaku Zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan
|June 2, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Natural Killer T (NKT) cells bridge innate and adaptive immunity. This review explores their role in regulating autoimmunity and their potential as therapeutic targets for autoimmune diseases.

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In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients
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In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Autoimmunity

Context:

  • Natural Killer T (NKT) cells are a unique lymphocyte subset co-expressing natural killer (NK) receptors and T cell receptors (TCRs).
  • This review focuses on two distinct NKT cell subsets: Valpha14-Jalpha18 (Valpha14i) NKT cells restricted by CD1d and Valpha19-Jalpha33 (Valpha19i) NKT cells restricted by the MR1 molecule.
  • These cells play a crucial role in bridging the innate and adaptive immune systems.

Purpose:

  • To review the multifaceted roles of NKT cells in the regulation of autoimmune diseases.
  • To discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting NKT cells for treating autoimmune conditions.

Summary:

  • NKT cells, characterized by co-expression of NK receptors (e.g., NK1.1) and TCRs, are key immune regulators.
  • Specific subsets, Valpha14i NKT cells (CD1d-restricted) and Valpha19i NKT cells (MR1-restricted), are highlighted for their unique functions.
  • The review examines their involvement in maintaining immune homeostasis and their dysregulation in autoimmunity.

Impact:

  • Understanding NKT cell function in autoimmunity can lead to novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Targeting NKT cells offers a promising avenue for developing treatments for various autoimmune diseases.
  • This research contributes to the broader field of immunomodulation for autoimmune disorders.