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Related Concept Videos

Dialysis01:27

Dialysis

Renal failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood effectively. It can be classified into two types: acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF).
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
Dialysis01:15

Dialysis

Dialysis is a diffusion-based purification process that separates analyte molecules from a complex matrix. This is accomplished by allowing molecules in the solution to pass through a semipermeable membrane into a liquid on the other side. The membrane is usually made of cellulose acetate or cellulose nitrate, and the second liquid must be miscible with the solution. Ions (e.g., chloride or sodium) or organic molecules (e.g., glucose) can pass through the membrane pores, which generally have...
Hemodialysis I: Introduction01:25

Hemodialysis I: Introduction

Hemodialysis (HD) is a medical treatment that artificially removes waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform these functions effectively. In this process, blood is filtered through a semipermeable membrane, allowing for the selective removal of waste while preserving necessary components like blood cells and proteins. Hemodialysis is typically performed in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or severe kidney...
Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications01:24

Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications

DialyzersA hemodialysis (HD) dialyzer is a plastic cartridge containing thousands of parallel hollow fibers, which serve as semipermeable membranes. These fibers are typically made from cellulose-based or other synthetic materials. During HD, blood is pumped into the top of the cartridge and distributed among these fibers. Simultaneously, dialysis fluid, known as dialysate, is introduced into the bottom of the cartridge, bathing the outside of the fibers. Across the semipermeable membrane,...
Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis01:30

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or those experiencing drug overdose often require extracorporeal methods to eliminate accumulated drugs and metabolites. Hemoperfusion, hemofiltration, and dialysis are the primary techniques to rapidly remove harmful substances without disrupting the patient's fluid and electrolyte balance. For those with compromised renal function, dosage adjustments of concurrent medications may be necessary during extracorporeal drug removal.Dialysis is a process...
Peritoneal Dialysis I: Introduction and Procedure01:30

Peritoneal Dialysis I: Introduction and Procedure

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a procedure that facilitates the exchange of solutes, waste products, electrolytes, and excess fluid between the blood in the peritoneal capillaries and a dialysis solution introduced into the peritoneal cavity.Principles of Peritoneal Dialysis (PD)Diffusion: Waste products such as urea and electrolytes move from high concentrations in the blood to low concentrations in the dialysate across the peritoneal membrane. This mechanism is driven by the concentration...

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A Retrograde Implantation Approach for Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Placement in Mice
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A Retrograde Implantation Approach for Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Placement in Mice

Published on: July 20, 2022

Cost-effective dialysis for the developing world.

Martin C Gregory1

  • 1Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, 30 N 1900 E, #4R312, Salt Lake City, UT 84132-2412, USA. martin.gregory@hsc.utah.edu

Ethnicity & Disease
|June 2, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Passive-flow dialysis systems could reduce costs and eliminate the need for electricity. Further development is needed to overcome challenges in flow regulation and ultrafiltration monitoring for these novel hemodialysis devices.

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Digital Home-Monitoring of Patients after Kidney Transplantation: The MACCS Platform
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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • End-stage renal disease (ESRD) affects millions globally.
  • Hemodialysis is a life-sustaining treatment for ESRD.
  • Limited access to dialysis, particularly in low-resource settings, remains a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the feasibility of passive-flow dialysate delivery systems for hemodialysis.
  • To investigate methods for reducing the cost and electricity dependence of dialysis equipment.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of two prototype passive-flow dialysate delivery systems.
  • Evaluation of dialysate flow rates and ultrafiltration control in the prototypes.

Main Results:

  • Both prototypes achieved dialysate flow rates between 200-300 mL/minute.
  • One system demonstrated good flow regulation but lacked ultrafiltration monitoring.
  • The second system allowed ultrafiltration monitoring and regulation but required manual adjustments for consistent dialysate flow.

Conclusions:

  • Passive-flow techniques show potential for cost reduction in hemodialysis.
  • Development of passive-flow systems could enable dialysis in areas without reliable electricity.
  • Further research is necessary to address remaining technical obstacles for fully passive dialysis.