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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Imaging of Extracellular Vesicles by Atomic Force Microscopy

Imaging of Extracellular Vesicles by Atomic Force Microscopy

Published on: September 11, 2019

Vesicle deformation by draining: geometrical and topological shape changes.

A J Markvoort¹, P Spijker, A F Smeijers

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B

|June 3, 2009

Summary

Osmotic deflation causes vesicle shape changes. Altering lipid hydration can lead to complex deformations like pear shapes or even vesicle fission, impacting membrane stress.

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Area of Science:

Biophysics
Materials Science
Computational Biology

Background:

Vesicle morphology is sensitive to environmental factors like osmotic pressure and lipid hydration.
Osmotic changes drive water movement across membranes, altering vesicle volume and shape.
Understanding vesicle deformation is crucial for biological processes and biomaterial applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate vesicle shape transitions during osmotic deflation using molecular dynamics simulations.
To explore the influence of altered lipid hydration on vesicle morphology.
To examine the residual membrane stress in vesicles formed via bilayer to vesicle transitions.

Main Methods:

Coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CGMD) simulations were employed.
Simulations focused on osmotic deflation of spontaneously formed vesicles.
Variations in lipid hydration in the outer leaflet were systematically studied.

Main Results:

Simple osmotic deflation resulted in oblate ellipsoid and disc-shaped vesicles.
Increased outer leaflet hydration induced prolate ellipsoid, pear-shaped, and budded vesicle morphologies.
Under specific conditions, osmotic deflation led to vesicle fission.
Vesicles formed from bilayer transitions exhibited residual membrane stress.

Conclusions:

Lipid hydration is a critical factor controlling vesicle shape during osmotic deflation.
Complex vesicle morphologies and even fission can be triggered by hydration changes.
Residual membrane stress exists in newly formed vesicles, influencing their equilibrium state.
These findings have implications for understanding vesicle formation and behavior in biological systems and simulations.