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Related Concept Videos

The Influence of Cognition on Affect01:29

The Influence of Cognition on Affect

Cognition plays a pivotal role in shaping emotional experiences, as demonstrated by Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory of emotion. According to this model, emotion arises from a combination of physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation. The body’s physiological response to stimuli is ambiguous and only gains emotional significance through cognitive labeling. For instance, an increased heart rate and adrenaline surge while standing near an attractive person may be interpreted as...
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Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
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Positive affect significantly influences cognitive processes, including evaluation, memory, creativity, and social judgments. Compared to negative affect, positive emotional states promote more favorable interpretations of stimuli, cognitive flexibility, and heuristic processing. These effects highlight emotions' powerful role in shaping how individuals perceive, remember, and interact with the world.Influence on Evaluation and AttributionWhen individuals experience positive affect, they are...
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Perception is influenced by perceptual set, context, motivation, and emotion. Perceptual set, or perceptual expectancy, refers to the tendency to perceive things in a particular way, influenced by previous experiences and expectations. This phenomenon affects the interpretation of stimuli, creating a set of mental tendencies and assumptions that impact sensory perceptions of sound, taste, touch, and sight.
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The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
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The need for affiliation is a fundamental human motive that drives individuals to form and maintain interpersonal relationships. This universal drive varies in intensity among individuals due to genetic predispositions and life experiences, shaping it into a relatively stable personality trait. Social inclusion enhances emotional well-being by fulfilling the need for affiliation, whereas social exclusion leads to distress, negative emotions, and cognitive impairments.Psychological and Emotional...

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The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
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Affect and alexithymia determine choice among valued objects.

Maryanne Martin1, Gregory V Jones

  • 1Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, UK. Rose.martin@psy.ox.ac.uk

Emotion (Washington, D.C.)
|June 3, 2009
PubMed
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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Understanding the psychological drivers behind accumulating possessions is key to human behavior.
  • Donald Norman's (2004) theory posits three levels of psychological processing: appearance, usability, and reflective processing (including emotion).
  • Investigating the role of affective factors and alexithymia in object choice provides insight into these psychological drivers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the psychological factors influencing individuals' choices of valued objects.
  • To determine the extent to which affective factors and alexithymia predict object choice.
  • To explore the relationship between emotional states, alexithymia, and the selection of personal possessions.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted two experiments involving participants selecting from valued objects.
  • Utilized predictive modeling to assess the influence of affective factors (emotions, links to past/present) on object choice.
  • Analyzed the modulating effect of alexithymia levels on the relationship between affective factors and object selection.

Main Results:

  • Affective factors, including emotional connections to objects, were dominant in predicting object choices.
  • The predictive power of affective factors was significantly reduced in individuals with higher levels of alexithymia.
  • A notable link between current dysphoria and object choice emerged specifically in participants with higher alexithymia.

Conclusions:

  • Emotional connections and affective states play a crucial role in the selection of valued possessions.
  • Alexithymia significantly modulates the influence of affective factors on object choice, impacting predictability.
  • The findings suggest distinct patterns in how individuals with varying alexithymia levels relate to possessions and emotional states.